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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol. 2014 Aug 29;3(6):403–418. doi: 10.1002/wdev.147

Table 1. Skeletal derivatives of the PAs.

PA Endochondral bone (ossification of NCC-derived cartilaginous intermediate) Dermal bones (direct ossification of NCC)
1

  • From Meckel's cartilage:

    • malleus

  • From maxillary cartilage:

    • Incus

    • Alisphenoid

  • Maxilla

  • Zygomatic

  • Squamous portion of temporal bone

  • Mandible
2 From Reichert's cartilage:

  • Stapes

  • Styloid process

  • Upper part of the hyoid bone
3 -lower part of hyoid bone
4 -Laryngeal cartilage
6 -Laryngeal cartilage