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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol. 2014 Aug 29;3(6):403–418. doi: 10.1002/wdev.147

Table 3. Muscle derivatives of the PAs and their innervation.

Pharyngeal arch Muscle Nerve
1st PA Mastication:

  • masseter

  • temporalis

  • medial and lateral pterygoid

  • anterior belly of digastric muscle

 Mandibular part of trigeminal (nerve V)
2nd PA

  • Buccinator

  • Expression muscles

 Facial (nerve VII)
3rd PA Stylopharyngeus Glossopharyngeal (nerve.IX)
4th PA Constrictors of pharynx, cricothyroid levator veli palatine Vagus (nerve X)
6th PA Intrinsic muscle of larynx Vagus (nerve X)