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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2014 Oct 9;34(11):2378–2386. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.303428

Figure 3. The regulation of SUMOylation pathway.

Figure 3

Protein SUMOylation is achieved by a recycle system consisting of conjugation and deconjugation pathway. SUMO conjugation to a target substrate requires an enzymatic cascade, which involves three classes of enzymes (E1→E2→E3). The sentrin/SUMO-specific proteases (SENPs) are responsible for the deconjugation pathway as well as the maturation process of newly synthesized SUMO protein. The primary subcellular localization of each SENP is also listed96. Reprinted and modified from Woo et al. with permission of the publisher53.