Table 1.
Characteristics of Ambulatory Care Patients With Acute Respiratory Illness Defined by Cough With Polymerase Chain Reaction–Confirmed Influenza Infection, US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network, 2012–2013
| Characteristic | Total No. (%) | Prescribed Antiviral Medication, No. (%a) | Prescribed Selected Antibioticb, no./No. (%a) | Did Not Receive Antiviral or Selected Antibioticb, no./No. (%a) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 2366 | 355 (15) | 540/1825 (30) | 1017/1825 (59) |
| Study site | ||||
| A | 224 (10) | 20 (9) | 60/224 (27) | 147/224 (66) |
| B | 778 (33) | 143 (18) | 230/778 (30) | 423/778 (54) |
| C | 445 (19) | 86 (19) | 94/445 (21) | 271/445 (61) |
| D | 541 (23) | 58 (11) | … | … |
| E | 378 (16) | 48 (13) | 156/378 (41) | 176/378 (47) |
| Male sex | 1038 (44) | 156 (15) | 223/786 (28) | 469/786 (60) |
| Age group | ||||
| 6mo–2 y | 60 (3) | 7 (12) | 19/47 (40) | 21/47 (45) |
| 2–4 y | 216 (9) | 14 (7) | 45/143 (31) | 91/143 (64) |
| 5–17 y | 752 (32) | 68 (9) | 126/547 (23) | 364/547 (67) |
| 18–49 y | 742 (31) | 149 (20) | 185/602 (31) | 303/602 (50) |
| 50–64 y | 373 (16) | 68 (18) | 94/298 (32) | 152/298 (51) |
| ≥65 y | 223 (9) | 49 (22) | 71/188 (38) | 86/188 (46) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 1885 (80) | 305 (16) | 488/1583 (31) | 850/1583 (54) |
| Black | 204 (9) | 19 (9) | 7/59 (12) | 47/59 (80) |
| Asian | 68 (3) | 8 (12) | 9/39 (23) | 27/39 (69) |
| AI/AN | 12 (1) | 2 (17) | 3/12 (25) | 7/12 (58) |
| Other/mixed race | 186 (8) | 19 (10) | 27/122 (25) | 80/122 (66) |
| Time between symptom onset and presentation to care | ||||
| ≤2 d | 1005 (43) | 281 (28) | 187/785 (24) | 380/785 (48) |
| 3–4 d | 934 (40) | 59 (6) | 226/699 (32) | 429/699 (61) |
| 5–7 d | 427 (18) | 15 (4) | 127/127 (37) | 208/341 (61) |
| Pregnant | 7 (0.3) | 3 (43) | 2/7 (29) | 3/7 (43) |
| Morbidly obesec | 139 (6) | 31 (23) | 42/108 (39) | 44/108 (41) |
| Underlying medical condition | 742 (31) | 157 (21) | 185/592 (32) | 291/592 (49) |
| Worse self-rated health at visitd | 1342 (57) | 248 (19) | 313/1043 (30) | 548/1043 (52) |
| Less able to do usual activitiese | 1443 (61) | 253 (18) | 343/1129 (30) | 606/1129 (54) |
| Worse baseline self-rated healthf | 608 (26) | 121 (20) | 159/482 (33) | 236/482 (49) |
Thirty-six patients received prescriptions for both antiviral medications and 1 of 3 selected antibiotics. Bold text indicates a high-risk group, which is recommended to receive empiric antiviral medications if presenting to care with symptoms concerning influenza.
Abbreviation: AI/AN, American Indian/Alaska Native.
a Indicates percentage in row.
b Antibiotic data were limited to prescriptions for amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and azithromycin. Antibiotic data were not available for 1 site (D), and participants from this site were excluded from analyses of antibiotics.
c Morbidly obese: body mass index ≥40 kg/m2.
d Self-reported health at visit was on a scale of 1–100. Median for all patients was 60. If <60, was categorized as “worse self-rated health at visit.”
e Self-reported ability to do usual activities on a scale of 0–9, where 0 was “unable to perform any usual activities” and 9 was “able to perform all usual activities.” If patient reported less than the median of 6, was categorized as “less able to do usual activities.”
f Patients whose self-rated baseline health was “poor,” “fair,” or “good” were compared to those who had “very good” or “excellent” health.