Table 1. Sociodemographic and Questionnaire Measurements.
|
Demographics and questionnaire measurements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Pla (n=27) | DCS (n=20) | P | |
| Age | 22.2±0.6 | 22.3±0.7 | 0.93 |
| Gender, F : M | 15 : 12 | 11 : 9 | 0.97 |
| BDI | 2.0±0.5 | 0.9±0.4 | 0.14 |
| Education years | 16.9±0.3 | 15.9±0.5 | 0.10 |
| Trait anxiety | 30.9±1.6 | 30.5±1.3 | 0.86 |
| BMI | 22.0±0.4 | 22.0±0.5 | 0.99 |
| Neuroticism | 5.2±0.9 | 5.6±0.9 | 0.33 |
| ACS focusing | 26.7±0.6 | 26.2±0.9 | 0.64 |
| ACS shifting | 34.7±0.8 | 34.5±1.0 | 0.31 |
| BIS | 16.0±0.8 | 16.7±0.8 | 0.59 |
| BAS | 24.4±5.8 | 23.6±4.8 | 0.59 |
| VAS items | Pla, before | Pla, after | DCS, before | DCS, after | P, before | P, after | P, diff score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anxious | 7.6±1.6 | 3.6±0.6 | 6.7±1.5 | 5.7±1.8 | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.24 |
| Sleepy | 28.4±4.0 | 21.3±4.3 | 24.1±3.3 | 13.7±2.5 | 0.43 | 0.13 | 0.54 |
| Flushed | 9.1±2.0 | 3.2±0.8 | 7.1±1.9 | 3.7±0.7 | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.31 |
| Tearful | 3.3±0.9 | 2.9±0.8 | 3.1±0.7 | 2.8±0.5 | 0.84 | 0.87 | 0.95 |
| Nauseous | 3.3±0.9 | 3.2±0.9 | 2.9±0.7 | 3.5±0.6 | 0.72 | 0.83 | 0.41 |
| Hopeless | 3.3±0.7 | 2.5±0.5 | 4.1±1.5 | 2.7±0.5 | 0.61 | 0.85 | 0.65 |
| Tremor | 3.3±0.9 | 3.2±1.0 | 3.7±1.0 | 3.1±0.6 | 0.77 | 0.91 | 0.58 |
| Sad | 4.9±0.9 | 2.8±0.5 | 4.5±1.3 | 2.8±0.5 | 0.83 | 0.98 | 0.80 |
| Dizzy | 2.7±0.7 | 3.5±1.2 | 3.0±0.7 | 5.4±2.0 | 0.78 | 0.41 | 0.38 |
| Depressed | 2.9±0.5 | 2.6±0.5 | 3.1±0.8 | 2.5±0.5 | 0.85 | 0.90 | 0.65 |
| Tachycardia | 4.5±1.4 | 3.5±1.2 | 5.7±1.5 | 3.5±0.7 | 0.57 | 0.98 | 0.37 |
| Alert | 51.3±5.0 | 48.4±5.1 | 57.8±5.0 | 52.3±5.4 | 0.37 | 0.61 | 0.51 |
The following measurements were obtained before drug administration: age, gender, Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI, Beck et al, 1996), years of education at time of study, trait anxiety (Spielberger et al, 1983), body mass index (BMI, weight(kg)/height(cm)2), neuroticism (Eysenck and Eysenck, 1994), attention control scale (ACS, Derryberry and Reed, 2002), behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation (BIS/BAS Scale, Carver and White, 1994). The values reported are mean values with standard errors and the P-scores from between-subject t-tests (apart from the value for gender ratio, where a chi-squared test was used). Visual analog scales were given to participants before and after drug administration. For each of the listed items, they were asked to indicate how they were feeling by placing a tick mark on a 100 mm line, which was labeled ‘not at all' on the left-hand side and ‘extremely' on the right hand side. The values reported are the mean and standard error for the tick mark positions (in mm). P-values were calculated for the group differences in the first (at baseline, ‘before') and second measurement (after drug administration, ‘after') and on the difference scores (baseline–second measurement, ‘diff score').