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. 2014 Sep 1;15(9):15396–15411. doi: 10.3390/ijms150915396

Table 2.

Some applications of serum proteomic approaches in the veterinary field.

Farm Animals Proteomic Techniques Serum Proteomics Study Reference
Inline graphic
Bovine		 2D-DIGE
MALDI-TOF-MS
MS/MS		 Serum proteomic analysis of Bruna cows to identify novel potential biomarkers for stress and welfare [22]
MALDI-TOF-MS Production of reproducible protein mass profiles able to identify calves undergoing illicit treatments [23]
2D-DIGE
MALDI-TOF-MS		 Investigation of new pathophysiological modulations in the plasma proteome of cows affected by milk fever [24]
2-DE
MS		 Study of serum proteome modulations of heifers during the last phase of pregnancy and early postpartum as a tool for the most accurate management of the peripartum period of these animals [25]
1-DE
MALDI-TOF-MS		 Identification of 480 bovine plasma proteins [26]
MALDI-TOF-MS
2-DE		 Serum proteomics evaluation of cows for a better understanding of mastitis pathophysiology and an early diagnosis of the disease [27,28]
iTRAQ
MS		 Study of cattle serum samples infected with either Mycobacterium bovis or Mycobacterium paratuberculosis for discovery of potential biomarkers of infection and progression of disease [29]
CPLL
2D-DIGE
LC–MS/MS		 Early diagnosis of bovine Johne’s disease [30]
MALDI-TOF-MS
2-DE		 Proteome and immunome of the tachyzoite stage of Besnoitia besnoiti in bovine besnoitiosis to study significant biological processes and host immune response associated with parasite infection [31]
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Ovine		 2-DE
MALDI-TOF-MS		 Identification of novel staphylococcal antigens for rational vaccine design [32]
2-DE Serological proteome analysis for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus antigens produced in the sheep immune response during mastitis [33]
SELDI-TOF-MS
1-DE
LC–MS/MS		 Identification of biomarkers in sheep paratuberculosis [34]
SELDI-TOF-MS Detection of a panel of 4 putative serum protein biomarkers as immunological responses in infectious diseases in sheep [35]
2-DE
MALDI-TOF-MS		 Application of proteomics in putative biomarker discovery for early diagnosis as well as for monitoring the physiological and metabolic situations critical for ovine welfare [36]
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Swine		 2D-DIGE
MS		 Evaluation of the validity of traditional stress biomarkers in pigs housed at different densities and identification of new potential stress biomarkers [37]
2-D-DIGE
MALDI-TOF-MS
LC–MS/MS		 Identification of 10 differentially expressed protein spots by analysis of the serum proteome modulations in pigs infected by CSF virus versus uninfected controls [38]
LC–MS/MS Identification of altered pigs serum proteome with FMD virus infection by analyzing the pigs before and after infection [39]
LC–MS/MS Assessment of serum proteome profiles modulation between Ossabaw pigs and human NAFLD [40,41]
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Poultry		 2-DE
MALDI-TOF-MS		 Analysis of serum proteome of hens at different developmental stages as a base to explore the physiology of growth or reproduction of laying hens [42]
2-DE
LC–MS/MS 		Evaluation of APEC proteome changes after exposure to chicken serum to characterize specific protein molecules that may be involved in serum resistance of APEC isolates [43]
1-DE
MALDI-TOF-MS		 Evaluation of APEC growth in different host species requires different survival strategies [44]
2-DE,
MALDI-TOF-MS		 Evaluation of the serum proteome from broilers inoculated with one Eimeria species [45]
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Equine		 1-DE
MALDI-TOF-MS
MS/MS		 Serum proteome evaluation of the effects of Senecio jacobea ingestion by horses [46]
MALDI-TOF-MS
LC–MS/MS		 Characterization of 29 different serum proteins to establish a horse serum protein database and acquire a better knowledge on equine proteome modulation during diseases [47]
SELDI-TOF-MS
MALDI-TOF-MS 		Evaluation of differences in serum proteome profiles of horses, donkeys and mules to determine possible metabolism-related differences [48]
2D-DIGE
MALDI-TOF-MS		 Discovery of 7 potential biomarker candidates to improve diagnosis and therapy of autoimmune uveitis [49]
Inline graphic
Fish		 Capillary
Electrophoresis–MS		 Description of the N-glycans level in serum of salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to long-term handling stress [50]
2-DE
LC–MS/MS 		Assessment of the increase of lysozyme and angiotensin carboxypeptidase activities in plasma of fish transferred from hypoosmotic to hyperosmotic solution [51,52]
2-DE
MALDI-TOF-MS 		Determination of protein profiles of alterations in serum of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) as a measure of the acute phase response to the probiotics present in the feed [53]
2-DE
MS/MS		 Characterization of the alterations in serum acute phase response-related proteins with low molecular weight from loach after injury [54]
1-DE
MALDI-TOF-MS		 The first heterogeneous interactome between shrimp serum proteins and Vibrio parahaemolyticus outer membrane proteins [55]

Abbreviations: MALDI-TOF-MS, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometric; 1-DE, one-dimensional electrophoresis; 2-DE, two-dimensional electrophoresis; 2D-DIGE, two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis; SELDI-TOF-MS, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry; LC–MS/MS, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry; CPLL, combinatorial peptide ligand libraries technique; CSF, classical swine fever; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.