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. 2014 Aug 28;15(9):15173–15187. doi: 10.3390/ijms150915173

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© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Curcumin down-regulated KLF5 protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (A) 5637 and WH bladder cancer cells were treated with the indicated concentration of curcumin (CCM) for 48 h; then the cell viability was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; (B) After being treated with various concentrations of curcumin for 12 h or with 15 μM of curcumin for the indicated period, KLF5 protein expression was determined by western blot analysis;and (C) KLF5 mRNA expression levels were analyzed by real-time qPCR after 5637 and WH cells were treated with 10 or 20 μM curcumin for 6, 12 and 24 h. Results were presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments.