Table 2.

Functions of monocyte subsets in steady state and inflammatory conditions.

Subset	Function
	Steady-state conditions	Inflammation
Ly6C+	Replenishment of monocyte-derived macrophages in the tissue (gut, skin, heart, and lung)	Differentiation in M1-like functional phenotype and initiation of the inflammatory response
	Differentiation in Ly6C−cells in the blood and in the bone marrow	Antigen uptake in the tissue, recirculation to lymph nodes, antigen presentation in lymph nodes (“tissue monocytes”)
Ly6C−	Patrolling and surveillance of the luminal surface of the endothelium	Promotion of healing in ischemic myocardium, and tissue repair during infection with Listeria monocytogenes
	Sensing viral nucleic acids