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. 2014 May 27;23(21):2649–2660. doi: 10.1089/scd.2014.0013

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Copyright 2014, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

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FIG. 6. — Cx31.1^−/− TSC cultures show prolongation of the intermediate, proliferating state during differentiation. Cx31.1^−/− TSC show higher Cdx2 expression levels and, upon differentiation, slower loss of Cdx2 (A) and Id2 (B) expression. In accordance, Cx31.1^−/− TSC show a prolonged expression of Ascl2 (C) and Cx31 (D) demonstrating a block in terminal trophoblast differentiation. MTT proliferation assays for undifferentiated (E) and differentiating (F) TSC indicate that the increased expression of Ascl2 and Cx31 is associated with an increased proliferation during TSC differentiation. Differentiating Cx31^+/⁻ TSC showed a 2.5-fold increase in doubling times compared with undifferentiated conditions. In contrast, Cx31^−/− TSC increased doubling times only 1.5-fold upon differentiation (G). MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide.