Table 1.
Characteristics of studies on serum vitamin D status and severity of liver fibrosis
| Source | Ethnic background | Study | Sex | Age (year)1 | n c | n p | Study quality2 | Measure of vitamin D |
| Petta et al., 2013 | Italy | Consecutive | M/F | 52.8±11.9 | 74 | 260 | 7 | Chromosystem reagent and HPLC |
| Lange et al., 2011 | Germany | Retrospective | M/F | 45 (22–72) | 146 | 6567 | 6 | Radioimmunoassay |
| Arteh et al., 2010 | 55% Caucasian, 45% African American | Consecutive | M/F | 53±9 | 43 | 118 | 6 | Automated chemiluminescence immunoassay |
| White et al., 2013 | African | Cross-sectional | M | 57.4±4.2 | 63 | 289 | 6 | Automated immunochemiluminometric assay |
| American White (non-Hispanic) | 55.7±5.5 | 54 | 6 | Automated immunochemiluminometric assay | ||||
| Kitson et al., 2013 | Caucasian | CHARIOT | M/F | 43.9±9.4 | 44 | 896 | 7 | LC-MS/MS methodology |
| Amanzada et al., 2013 | Germany (Caucasian) | Cohort | M/F | 51±10 | 36 | 191 | 6 | Chromatographic system and HPLC |
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| Source | OR/relative risk (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | HCV type | How fibrosis assessed and diagnosis criteria | Severe fibrosis vs. zero or lesser degrees | |||
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| Petta et al., 2013 | 0.958 (0.919, 0.999) | −0.44 (−0.71, −0.16) | G1 | Biopsy according to Scheuer numerical scoring system | F3–F4 vs. F0–F1 | |||
| Lange et al., 2011 | 0.74 (0.548, 1.000) | G1, 2, 3 | Biopsy according to METAVIR model | F2–F4 vs. F0–F1 | ||||
| Arteh et al., 2010 | 0.681 (0.377, 1.229) | NA | By liver biopsy or by clinical or biochemical evidence of hepatocellular failure and/or portal hypertension | Cirrhosis vs. without cirrhosis | ||||
| White et al., 2013 | 12.91 (1.30, 128.16) | G1, 2, 3, 4 | By biochemical evidence according to FibroSURE-ActiTest model | F3/F4–F4 vs. F0–F3 | ||||
| 0.84 (0.20, 3.59) | ||||||||
| Kitson et al., 2013 | −0.21 (−0.53, 0.12) | G1 | Liver biopsy according to METAVIR model | F3/F4 vs. F0–F2 | ||||
| Amanzada et al., 2013 | −0.80 (−1.10, −0.50) | G1 | Liver specimens, NA | Severe fibrosis/cirrhosis vs. absent/mild/moderate | ||||
1
Data are expressed as mean±SD or mean (range)
2
Study quality was judged on the basis of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (1–9 stars)
n c: number of cases; n p: number of participants; M: male; F: female; CHARIOT: collaborative group hepatitis C study using high-dose Pegasys RBV induction dose in genotype one; HPLC: high performance liquid chromatography; LC: liquid chromatography; MS: mass spectrometry; G1, 2, 3, 4: hepatitis C genotype 1, 2, 3, or 4 infection; NA: not available