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. 2014 Oct 17;9(10):e109818. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109818

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© 2014 Wakade et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(A) Representative GPR109A western blots (B) GPR109A densitometry, (C) NAD/NADH ratio and (D) BHB levels. GPR109A expression and NAD/NADH ratio were tested in the WBCs. The BHB levels were tested in the sera. Young, n = 6; Older, n = 23, PD, n = 22. *p = 0.009 between Age-matched control and PD groups. **p = 0.033 between Age-matched control and PD groups.^§ p = 0.071 between Age-matched control and PD groups.