Table 4.

Treatment and outcomes following HRM

Patients	Dysphagia characteristics	Interventions	Treatment intervals (weeks)	FT	Post- treatment diet
1	Delayed pharyngeal response, hyolaryngeal excursion, UES opening	Head turn right with chin tuck—thin liquids only Supraglottic swallow, Shaker exercise	4	–	Moistened general diet, thin liquids
2	Oral transit, tongue base propulsion, pharyngeal sequencing, hyolaryngeal excursion, timing and duration of UES opening	Exercise regimen: lingual resistance, Shaker exercise, effortful swallow, Mendelsohn maneuver, supraglottic swallow; lean to left—all textures	26	N	Diced 1/4 in. solids, thin liquids
3	Tongue base propulsion, pharyngeal constriction, hyolaryngeal excursion, glottal closure, cricopharyngeal relaxation	Exercise regimen: lingual resistance, Shaker exercise, effortful swallow, Mendelsohn maneuver; cricopharyngeal myotomy; head turn left with chin tuck—all textures	16	N	Mechanical soft diet, nectar liquids