Table 3.

Death-adjusted multivariate analyses of cancer risk in both study cohorts

Covariate	Adjusted hazard ratio 4	95% CI	P -value
Biologics use	0.63	0.49, 0.80	<0.001
Male gender	1.10	0.88, 1.38	0.39
Age at start, per year	1.04	1.03, 1.05	0.000
Disease duration1, per year	0.96	0.94, 0.99	0.02
Number of hospital visits, per year during observation	1.01	1.01, 1.02	0.000
Methotrexate2	1.04	0.86, 1.26	0.68
Salfulsalazine2	1.01	0.84, 1.20	0.93
Hydroxychloroquine2	1.13	0.94, 1.36	0.19
Corticosteroids2	1.03	0.84, 1.28	0.75
Diabetes mellitus	1.26	0.92, 1.74	0.15
Ischemic heart disease	0.70	0.54, 0.92	0.01
Cerebrovascular disease	0.75	0.45, 1.26	0.28
Hypertension	1.21	0.98, 1.50	0.07
Chronic liver disease	1.16	0.94, 1.42	0.17
Statins3	0.64	0.48, 0.86	0.003
Metformin3	0.67	0.45, 1.00	0.05
NSAIDs3	0.94	0.54, 1.64	0.83
Beta-blocker3	0.77	0.63, 0.93	0.008

¹Disease duration represented by duration from the first disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) prescription for rheumatoid arthritis to the index date. ²Use of drugs within one year prior to the index date. ³Use of drugs at least once per month on average during follow-up. ⁴Modified hazard ratio adjusted by multiple covariates including age, gender, disease duration, prior history of hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic liver diseases, use of DMARDs within one year prior to the index date, corticosteroids, aspirin, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), statins and metformin.