Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2014 Nov;21(11):627–633. doi: 10.1101/lm.035816.114

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2014 Kwon et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first 12 months after the full-issue publication date (see http://learnmem.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After 12 months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 4. — Optogenetic CS was mediated by glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the LA. (A) EFP in the LA was tested before and after the microinfusion of kynurenic acid. EFP amplitude was dramatically decreased 10 min after kynurenic acid treatment (2 mM, 1 μL) and gradually recovered after 20 h. (B) Experimental procedures of optogenetic fear conditioning with drug infusion. (C) The effect of kynurenic acid on fear conditioning. The mice injected with kynurenic acid into the LA (n = 6) showed significantly lower freezing than vehicle group mice (n = 5). (D) The kynurenic acid group mice showed normal learning following retraining after vehicle injection. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. (*) P < 0.05, (**) P < 0.01.