Table 2.
Comparison of the GAS vs. TIVA groups
| GAS N=36 |
TIVA N=40 |
p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MMSE | Baseline | 27 [26–30] | 29 [28–30] | 0.029 |
| EBL | 200 [100–500] | 375 [200–750] | 0.029 | |
| Surgery Duration | 167 [127–231] | 190 [146–254] | 0.147 | |
| Anesthesia Duration | 263 [236–314] | 270 [231–357] | 0.579 | |
| VAS in recovery room | 7 [5–9] | 7[5–9] | 0.962 | |
| Cortisol | Baseline | 12.45 [8.80–19.15] | 9.65 [5.75–12.25] | 0.002 |
| Intraop | 31.8 [14.55–38.60] | 4.8 [2.90–9.60] | <.001 | |
| Recovery | 31.35 [18.45–45.80] | 13.4 [3.40–17.70] | <.001 | |
| Epinephrine | Baseline | 39 [0–62] | 23 [0–41] | 0.085 |
| Intraop | 65 [25–170] | 0 [0–53] | <.001 | |
| Recovery | 127 [57–215] | 57 [0–98] | 0.004 | |
| Norepinephrine | Baseline | 278 [138–480] | 361 [202–502] | 0.410 |
| Intraop | 341[150–597] | 136 [90–266] | <.001 | |
| Recovery | 434 [199–811] | 311 [162–467] | 0.107 | |
| Delirium in PACU | 1 (3.2%) | 3 (7.5%) | 0.622 | |
| Delirium Postop day | 8 (22.2%) | 6(15%) | 0.417 |
Data are presented as mean (SD), median [25th percentile, 75th percentile], or N (%). The tests for group comparisons are 2-sample t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. MMSE: Minimental Status, EBL: estimated blood loss, VAS: visual analog score for pain in the recovery room. Cortisol (mcg/dl), Epinephrine (pg/ml), Norepinephrine (pg/ml) : serum levels at baseline= immediately prior to surgery, Intraop= 4 hours after surgical start Recovery= 2 hours after surgery finish