Table 3.

Comparison of patients who did (PD+) and did not (PD-) develop delirium

		PD(−) N=62	PD(+) N=14	p value
Age		73.48(5.03)	75.83(5.41)
Gender	Male	30 (48.4%)	10 (71.4%)	0.146
	Female	32 (51.6%)	4 (28.6%)
ASA Status	1	0 (0%)	1 (7.1%)
	2	17 (27.4%)	1 (7.1%)	0.083
	3	37 (59.7%)	10 (71.4%)
	4	8 (12.9%)	2 (14.3%)
CAD		8 (11.9%)	4 (28.6%)	0.217
CVA		4 (6.5%)	1 (7.1%)	1.000
Diabetes		11 (17.7%)	5 (35.7%)	0.156
Glucose	Baseline	94 [85–106]	103 [81–118]-	0.439
	Intraop	116 [96–142]	143 [101–152]	0.121
	Recovery	127 [107–149]	167 [117–187]	0.055
Malignancy		30 (49.2%)	6 (42.9%)	0.771
Renal		6 (9.7%)	1 (7.1%)	1.000
Anesthesia
	Gas	28(77.8%)	8(22.2%)	.417
	TIVA	34(85%)	6(15%)
Surgery	Spine	31 (50%)	6 (42.9%)	0.621
	Urology	8 (12.9%)	1 (7.1%)
	General	16 (25.8%)	6 (42.9%)
	Thoracic	7 (11.3%)	1 (7.1%)
MMSE	Baseline	29 [27–30]	27 [25–29]	0.056
EBL		250 [100–600]	200 [150–700]	0.761
Surgery Duration		171 [136–246]	191 [168–239]	0.097
Anesthesia Duration		266 [230–316]	288 [256–359]	0.119
VAS in recovery		7[5–9]	7[6–10]	0.350
Cortisol	Baseline	11.25 [8.1–13.9]	9.3[5.3–11.7]	0.178
	Intraop	13.6 [4.8–32.3]	10.5 [3.3–31.3]	0.740
	Recovery	18.8 [8.3–33.2]	14.6 [12.6–31.7]	0.978
Epinephrine	Baseline	26 [0–54]	14.5 [0–50]	0.746
	Intraop	35 [0–78]	36 [0–170]	0.588
	Recovery	76 [39–145]	131 [48–196]	0.388
Norepinephrine	Baseline	296 [174–480]	419 [278–495]	0.556
	Intraop	185 [109–341]	300 [68–597]	0.314
	Recovery	322 [150–541]	586 [346–811]	0.030
PACU delirium		2 (3.4%)	2 (22.2%)	0.084

Data are presented as mean (SD), median [25^th percentile, 75^th percentile], or N (%). The tests for group comparisons are 2-sample t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. MMSE: Minimental Status, EBL: estimated blood loss, VAS: visual analog score for pain in the recovery room. Cortisol(mcg/dl), Epinephrine (pg/ml), Norepinephrine (pg/ml), Glucose (mg/dl): serum levels, at baseline= immediately prior to surgery, Intraop= 4 hours after surgical start Recovery= 2 hours after surgery finish