Table 1.
Baseline participant characteristics and cognitive test scores at visit 2 by sex and metabolic syndrome (MetS) status
| Sample Size (N) | Women | Men | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| No MetS | MetS | No MetS | MetS | ||
| Age (y ± SD) | 10,500 | 52.9 ± 5.6 | 54.8 ± 5.5 | 54.1 ± 5.7 | 54.7 ± 5.6 |
| Education | 10,487 | ||||
| Less than high school | 508 (13.3) | 432 (25.7) | 491 (17.3) | 297 (16.9) | |
| High school to college | 1,787 (46.7) | 1,006 (48.6) | 1,023 (36.1) | 728 (41.5) | |
| Post-graduate training | 1,533 (40.0) | 532 (25.7) | 1,322 (46.6) | 728 (41.5) | |
| Race | 10,500 | ||||
| Black | 711 (18.6) | 579 (28.0) | 447 (15.8) | 226 (12.9) | |
| White | 3,121 (81.5) | 1,492 (72.0) | 2,391 (84.3) | 1,533 (87.2) | |
| Smoking | 10,493 | ||||
| Current or former | 1,735 (45.3) | 871 (42.1) | 1,887 (66.5) | 1,269 (72.2) | |
| Never | 2,092 (54.7) | 1,199 (57.9) | 951 (33.5) | 489 (27.8) | |
| Alcohol | 10,462 | ||||
| Current or former | 2,722 (71.3) | 1,250 (60.6) | 2,454 (86.8) | 1,544 (88.1) | |
| Never | 1,097 (28.7) | 813 (39.4) | 374 (13.2) | 208 (11.9) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) (± SD) | 10,495 | 25.4 ± 4.8 | 31.0 ± 5.8 | 26.1 ± 3.3 | 29.7 ± 4.0 |
| Symptomatic heart disease | 10,441 | 188 (5.0) | 172 (8.4) | 175 (6.2) | 176 (10.1) |
| MetS Characteristics | |||||
| Waist Circumference (cm) (± SD) | 10,496 | 88.5 ± 12.7 | 104.4 ± 13.6 | 95.2 ± 8.9 | 105.2 ± 9.8 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (± SD) | 10,497 | 113.6± 15.7 | 126.7 ± 18.0 | 116.8 ±14.7 | 126.1 ± 16.3 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) (± SD) | 10,496 | 69.6 ± 9.9 | 75.2 ± 10.2 | 72.9 ± 9.7 | 77.5 ± 10.5 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) (± SD) | 10,500 | 97.3 ± 44.2 | 168.1 ± 97.3 | 106.2 ± 53.1 | 194.7 ± 115.0 |
| HDL (mg/dL) (± SD) | 10,500 | 64.1 ± 16.1 | 48.0 ± 13.6 | 48.3 ± 12.7 | 36.9 ± 9.6 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) (± SD) | 10,500 | 95.2 ± 14.9 | 116.0 ± 41.2 | 99.8 ± 15.9 | 115.6 ± 32.5 |
| Diabetes | 10,496 | 66 (1.7) | 395 (19.1) | 102 (3.6) | 289 (16.4) |
| On lipid medication | 10,426 | 15 (0.4) | 140 (6.8) | 32 (1.1) | 105 (6.0) |
| On antihypertensive medication | 10,447 | 401 (10.5) | 948 (46.0) | 298 (10.6) | 636 (36.3) |
| Cognitive Test Scores | |||||
| Delayed Word Recall Test (± SD) | 10,478 | 7.1 ± 1.4 | 6.8 ± 1.4 | 6.5 ± 1.5 | 6.3 ± 1.4 |
| Digit Symbol Substitution Test (± SD) | 10,478 | 50.4 ± 12.9 | 45.0 ± 14.1 | 44.5 ± 12.7 | 43.9 ± 11.9 |
| Word Fluency Test (± SD) | 10,476 | 36.1 ± 11.9 | 32.5 ± 11.5 | 33.8 ± 12.5 | 33.0 ± 12.0 |
Units are N (%) unless otherwise specified