Table 4.

Multivariable analyses adjusted for age, year of surgery, race, CCI, hospital region and location, surgical approach, insurance status, and hospital volume

	Residency teaching vs. non-teaching		Fellowship teaching vs. non-teaching
	OR after inclusion of hospital volume	P	OR after inclusion of hospital volume	P
Intraoperative complication	1.21 (1.01–1.45)	0.035	1.09 (0.74–1.62)	0.654
Postoperative complication
Overall	0.92 (0.86–0.98	0.015	0.82 (0.7–0.95)	0.011
Cardiac	0.78 (0.65–0.95)	0.012	0.93 (0.6–1.43)	0.729
Respiratory	0.9 (0.78–1.04)	0.156	0.67 (0.45–0.98)	0.037
Vascular	0.82 (0.61–1.11)	0.202	1.19 (0.62–2.29)	0.599
Operative wound	1.33 (0.96–1.84)	0.082	1.24 (0.62–2.5)	0.540
Genitourinary	1.26 (1.03–1.54)	0.025	0.9 (0.57–1.42)	0.655
Miscellaneous medical	0.91 (0.84–1)	0.053	0.76 (0.61–0.94)	0.012
Miscellaneous surgical	1.02 (0.9–1.16)	0.731	1.15 (0.88–1.5)	0.304
Length of stay, days
Length of stay >3 days	0.73 (0.69–0.77)	<0.001	0.91 (0.83–0.99)	0.045
In-hospital mortality	0.73 (0.34–1.57)	0.421	3.31 (0.88–12.38)	0.076

Abbreviation: CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Status OR: Odds ratio