Table I. mRNA expression of inflammatory, antiviral, and innate signaling genes in DCs exposed to F-HIV, C-HIV, and CI-HIV.
| Gene |
Peak (h) |
F-HIV |
C-HIV |
CI-HIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammatory genes | ||||
| IL-6 | 6 | 220* | 3.0† | 2.0† |
| TNF-α | 6 | 37* | 9.0† | 9.0† |
| CCL3 | 12 | 38* | 10† | 7.0† |
| IL-10 | 24 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Antiviral genes | ||||
| IFIT3 | 6 | 8.6* | 1.3† | 1.4† |
| APOBEC3A | 6 | 7.3* | 0.9† | 0.7† |
| APOBEC3B | 24 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 1.2 |
| APOBEC3G | 24 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| Tetherin | 24 | 2.4* | 2.9* | 2.0* |
| TRIM5α | 48 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.4 |
| TRIM22 | 48 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Innate signaling genes | ||||
| IRF5 | — | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.3 |
| IRF9 | — | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
| TLR8 | 48 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.3 |
| MyD88 | 48 | 2.2* | 3.3* | 3.3* |
| NOD2 | 48 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.7 |
| MAVS | 48 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
DCs (1 × 106/ml) were exposed to an MOI of 8 of F-HIV, C-HIV, or CI-HIV or were mock treated for 3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h and expression of genes associated with inflammatory and antiviral responses and innate signaling was determined by qPCR. Values have been normalized with mock set at 1 and are shown as the mean values of three to six independent experiments.
*p < 0.05, upregulation compared with mock, †p < 0.05 compared with F-HIV.
–, no significant difference in expression between time points.