Figure 7. Regulation of tumor growth/dissemination-related signal molecules in vivo by Biseugenol or shRNA-AhR transfection.

(A) MKN45 cells with or without shRNA-AhR transfection were implanted by peritoneal administration to nu/nu mice in the presence or absence of Biseugenol (Eug, 10 mg/kg) treatment. Thirty days after implantation, the animals were euthanized and tumors were dissected. Targeting protein markers AhR, COX-2, Snail, p-elf2α, and Calpain-10 were evaluated by Western blotting. (B) Illustrating the working hypothesis that Biseugenol–induced ER stress was involved in the inhibition of EMT and peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer tumors. Increased Snail signaling by AhR activation down-regulates phosphorylation of E-cadherin production. Increased Calpain-10 expression induced by Biseugenol triggers the cleavage of AhR, which subsequently inhibits Snail expression, leading to phosphorylation of E-cadherin up-regulation.