Table 1.
Prevalence of fall-related injuries among older adults in Ecuador.
| Characteristics | Number of subjects | % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Women | 2,766 | 13.9 (12.2–15.8) |
| Men | 2,466 | 8.5 (7.2–10.0) |
| Age groups, yrs | ||
| 60–69 | 2,441 | 9.5 (8.0–11.3) |
| 70–79 | 1,645 | 12.7 (10.7–15.2) |
| ≥80 | 926 | 14.4 (11.7–17.7) |
| Area of residence | ||
| Rural | 2,354 | 9.8 (8.4–11.4) |
| Urban | 2,878 | 12.3 (10.7–14.0) |
| Race | ||
| Indian | 530 | 15.0 (11.6–19.2) |
| Black | 169 | 9.4 (5.6–15.5) |
| Mestizo | 3,349 | 11.7 (11.2–13.4) |
| Mulatto | 179 | 8.7 (4.8–15.0) |
| White | 670 | 8.9 (6.7–11.8) |
| Living arrangements | ||
| Alone | 547 | 15.4 (11.1–20.9) |
| Accompanied | 4,684 | 11.0 (9.8–12.2) |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | ||
| Underweight | 163 | 10.9 (6.4–17.9) |
| Normal weight | 2,045 | 10.4 (8.7–12.4) |
| Overweight | 1,892 | 10.6 (8.8–12.6) |
| Obese | 843 | 12.0 (9.2–15.5) |
| Alcohol use | ||
| None | 4,167 | 12.2 (10.9–13.6) |
| 1 day | 939 | 7.2 (5.5–9.4) |
| ≥2 days | 123 | 19.3 (9.9–34.2) |
| Regular physical activity | ||
| No | 3,573 | 12.1 (10.7–13.6) |
| Yes | 1,657 | 10.1 (8.1–12.5) |
| GDS ≥ 6 | ||
| No | 2,633 | 9.6 (8.1–11.4) |
| Yes | 1,153 | 14.5 (12.2–17.1) |
| Cognitive impairment | ||
| No | 3,719 | 9.6 (8.4–10.9) |
| Yes | 1,079 | 15.9 (13.0–19.2) |
| ADL's limitations | ||
| No | 3,771 | 9.9 (8.6–11.3) |
| Yes | 1,454 | 15.6 (13.3–18.1) |
| Self-reported health | ||
| Excellent to good | 1,197 | 8.1 (6.2–10.5) |
| Fair to poor | 4,027 | 12.6 (11.2–14.1) |
| Urinary incontinence | ||
| No | 4,041 | 9.5 (8.4–10.7) |
| Yes | 1,169 | 17.7 (14.7–21.1) |
| Comorbidities | ||
| 0 | 2,442 | 7.8 (6.5–9.4) |
| 1 | 1,763 | 13.3 (11.3–15.6) |
| ≥2 | 860 | 17.2 (14.1–20.8) |
| Grip strength (Kg/sec) | ||
| Q1 (1 to 15) | 1,301 | 16.5 (14.0–19.3) |
| Q2 (16 to 20) | 1,205 | 10.7 (8.5–13.4) |
| Q3 (21 to 27) | 1,198 | 8.7 (6.9–11.0) |
| Q4 (28 to 97) | 1,214 | 8.1 (6.1–10.7) |
| Chair stand test (sec) | ||
| Q1 (4 to 9) | 1,187 | 9.8 (7.6–12.5) |
| Q2 (10 to 11) | 1,041 | 8.4 (6.3–11.1) |
| Q3 (12 to 14) | 1,073 | 7.7 (6.0–9.8) |
| Q4 (≥15) | 919 | 14.0 (11.1–17.7) |
| Single leg stance (sec) | ||
| 0 to 9 sec | 2,147 | 10.1 (8.7–11.9) |
| 10 sec | 1,947 | 8.0 (6.5–9.8) |
GDS: Geriatric Depression Scale; BMI: body mass index.