Table 2.

Side-effects and complications of proton pump inhibitors

Headache (< 2%)

Diarrhea (< 2%)

Malabsorption of magnesium, calcium, vitamin B12, iron (doubtful)

Increased risk of Clostridium difficile colitis in antibiotic users (doubtful)

Increased risk of pneumonia (doubtful)

Acute interstitial nephritis (extremely rare)

Drug-drug interactions (doubtful)

Accelerated progression of Helicobacter pylori gastritis (doubtful)

Formation of gastric fundic gland polyps (potentially harmful when > 1 cm)