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. 2014 Nov;104(11):2191–2198. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301545

TABLE 1—

Longitudinal Change Modeling of Psychological and Physical Gender Abuse With Major Depression Among Transgender Women: New York City Metropolitan Area, 2004–2007

Major Depression, OR (95% CI)
Variables Uncontrolled Lagged Depression Controlled
Psychological gender abuse
 None (Ref) 1.00 1.00
 New 5.09 (2.11, 12.25) 4.48 (1.83, 10.98)
 Ceased 1.12 (0.51, 2.44) 0.66 (0.31, 1.41)
 Persistent 5.67 (2.63, 12.25) 6.07 (2.83, 13.01)
Physical gender abuse
 None (Ref) 1.00 1.00
 New 6.08 (2.68, 13.78) 5.59 (2.21, 14.09)
 Ceased 2.66 (1.40, 5.04) 1.78 (0.83, 3.81)
 Persistent 10.81 (2.85, 21.15) 7.04 (3.47, 14.29)

Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. The baseline is time 0 and n = 230, with model alterations and reductions across time points. ORs were estimated with generalized estimating equations (logistic regression link). Temporal patterns of abuse across time points were as follows: no initial or later abuse (Ref); later abuse only (new); earlier abuse only (ceased); initial and later abuse (persistent).