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. 2014 Oct 1;4(8):567–574. doi: 10.1089/brain.2014.0234

Table 1.

Demographics and Neuropsychological Evaluation of Healthy Controls, aMCI, and AD Groups

  Controls aMCI Mild AD
Age 70.5 (6.81) 67.9 (6.95) 72.8 (6.67)
Sex (female) 21 (72%) 13 (65%) 24 (75%)
Education (in years) 10.6 (5.08) 10 (5.2) 7.4 (5.12)
MMSE 28.66 (1.67) 25.94 (2.62)a* 19.86 (3.87)a**,b**
RAVLT-encoding 44.9 (7.7) 30.25 (7.02)a** 19.9 (6.5)a**,b**
RAVLT-A7 8.59 (2.23) 2.75 (2.02)a** 0.59 (0.78)a**,b**
RC-FP 11.66 (2.39) 4 (5.93)a** −3.45 (5.99)a**,b**
Forward digit span 5.03 (1.78) 4.94 (1.12) 3.72 (1.51)
Backward digit span 4.11 (1.29) 3.81 (1.05) 2.03 (1.50)a**,b**
Stroop C time 56.62 (16.62) 55.29 (11.57) 73.21 (29.51)a**,b**
Stroop C errors 0.08 (0.27) 0.07 (0.27) 0.42 (0.87)
Stroop I time 106.92 (28.52) 135.79 (42.46) 179.10 (74.70)a**,b**
Stroop I errors 2.8 (3.52) 7.79 (8.39) 28.79 (20.37)a**,b**
Semantic verbal fluency 17.11 (4.47) 12.93 (5.32) 9.17 (4.69)a**,b**
Phonological verbal fluency 33.07 (10.82) 27.73 (11.79) 19.24 (10.53)a**,b**
Luria's neuropsychological investigation 18.29 (1.15) 17.88 (1.41) 15.31 (3.04)a**,b**
Clock drawing 9.5 (1.35) 9.53 (1.30) 6.39 (2.81)a**,b**
Rey complex figure copy 34.96 (3.43) 32.37 (4.76) 18.02 (14.18)a**,b**
Trail making test-A 65.14 (17.75) 81.13 (54.20) 198.14 (98.50)a**,b**
Trail making test-B 136.79 (93.85) 161.47 (82.55) 286.93 (42.38)a**,b**
Boston naming test 52.04 (4.76) 47.67 (10.42) 36.45 (10.75)a**,b**

Data presented as average (SD) except for sex.

a

Significantly different from controls.

b

Significantly different from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

*

p<0.05.

**

p<0.001.

aMCI, amnestic mild cognitive impairment subjects; mild AD, mild Alzheimer's disease patients; MMSE, Mini-Mental Status Examination; Stroop C, Stroop test congruent; Stroop I, Stroop test incongruent; RAVLT, Rey auditory verbal learning test; RAVLT-A7, delayed recall of Rey auditory verbal learning test; RC-FP, Rey auditory verbal learning test true recognition (i.e., recognition minus false positives).