Table 2.

QTL classification of DES and target genes

Trait category	All QTL in Gramene database			QTL of small intervalsa
	Traitb	QTL	Genec	Traitb	QTL	Genec
Abiotic stress	44	237	180	9	12	7
Anatomy	43	528	204	10	26	16**
Biochemical	20	95	161	2	2	4
Biotic stress	8	143	169	2	3	2
Development	11	348	206	3	6	5
Quality	34	248	190	3	11	6
Sterility or fertility	8	104	134	2	18	3
Vigour	14	753	208	8	25	14*
Yield	26	758	209	15	38	18*
Total	208	3,214	211	54	141	44**

* and ** denote significant enrichment at P≤0.05 and P≤0.01, respectively, according to the hypergeometric test in Table S11.

^a QTL contains gene number ≤100.

^b Trait classified in Gramene database (Youens-Clark et al., 2011).

^c Loci number of DES and target genes enriched in the QTL trait.