Figure 3. Effect of P. aegyptiaca target genes (PaCCD7 and PaCCD8) silencing on development of the parasite in N. benthamiana host plants. (A) Effect of trans-specific gene silencing of the PaCCD7 and PaCCD8 on the tubercle numbers attached to N. benthamiana plants. (B)P. aegyptiaca tubercles and shoots attached to the controls and VIGS treated N. benthamiana plants indicated by red arrows. Mean ± SE were obtained from 20 independent plants. Bars labeled with different letters indicate the significant differences as determined by JMP statistic software (P ≤ 0.05).