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. 2014 Oct 20;9(10):e110490. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110490

Table 5. Descriptive statistics for the acoustic and musical features of the musical pieces nominated by the participants (N = 124).

Minimum Maximum Mean SD
Energy 0.00 0.84 0.16 0.17
Tempo (BPM) 48.21 138.35 86.92 21.05
Valence 0.00 0.67 0.13 0.14
Loudness (dB) −39.34 −6.98 −20.92 7.18
Dance ability 0.06 0.66 0.26 0.14

Note. Energy measures the intensity and the powerful activity released throughout the piece. Dance ability describes whether a piece is suitable for dancing, and it combines musical elements such as tempo, rhythm stability, beat strength, and overall regularity. Valence takes into account acoustic information such as pitch, timbre, and mode. Energy, dance ability, and valence values range between 0 and 1. A value close to one indicates high energy or arousal, high dance ability, and positive valence, while a value close to zero corresponds to low energy or arousal, low dance ability, and negative valence.