Table 1.
Mtb proteasome inhibitory activities of 100 natural products and chemical categories
| Categories | Name | IA | Name | IA | Name | IA | Name | IA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terpenoids | tripterine# | 69.56% | costunolide | 41.75% | ginkgolide | 39.90% | curcumol | 34.66% |
| dehydroandrographolide | 32.67% | dehydrocostuslactone | 32.15% | alantolactone | 32.12% | evodine | 31.77% | |
| tanshinone | 25.63% | astragaloside A | 23.59% | bilobalide | 18.56% | swertiamain | 14.39% | |
| artesunate | 13.83% | betulinol | 6.52% | ginsenoside | 2.62% | limonin | 1.61% | |
| glycyrrhetinic Acid | 0.00% | hemslecin A | 0.00% | madecassoside | 0.00% | andrographolide | 0.00% | |
| dipsacoside | 0.00% | geniposide | 0.00% | gentiopicroside | 0.00% | tubeimoside A | 0.00% | |
| notoginsenoside | 0.00% | asiaticoside | 0.00% | paclitaxel | 0.00% | |||
| Flavonoids | pectolinarin# | 88.69% | myricetin# | 84.50% | baicalein# | 84.03% | isoliquiritigenin# | 83.60% |
| hispidulin# | 82.06% | baicalin# | 78.47% | quercetin# | 74.40% | icarrin# | 74.34% | |
| curcumin# | 69.53% | kaempferol# | 68.29% | alpha mangostin | 64.16% | wogonoside | 59.01% | |
| wogonin | 53.97% | nevadensin | 48.01% | genistein | 45.74% | epigallocatechin gallate | 45.21% | |
| mangiferin | 31.88% | forsythin | 20.02% | paeoniflorin | 3.05% | tectoridin | 0.00% | |
| luteolin | 0.00% | rutin | 0.00% | silmyarin | 0.00% | puerarin | 0.00% | |
| apigenin | 0.00% | daidzein | 0.00% | diosmetin | 0.00% | |||
| Alkaloids | indirubin | 45.99% | martin hydrochloride | 43.66% | matrine | 23.53% | sophoridine | 11.85% |
| sinomenine | 3.77% | bergenin | 3.67% | peimine | 3.05% | berberine | 0.00% | |
| lycorine hydrochloride | 0.00% | hanfangchin B | 0.00% | hanfangchin A | 0.00% | camptothecin | 0.00% | |
| strychnine | 0.00% | cepharanthine | 0.00% | |||||
| Coumarins | imperatorin | 15.90% | scoparone | 0.00% | praeruptorin A | 0.00% | umbelliferone | 0.00% |
| coumarin | 0.00% | daphnetin | 0.00% | fraxin | 0.00% | osthole | 0.00% | |
| Quinones | emodin# | 73.09% | alkannin | 52.36% | rubimaillin | 46.37% | 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone | 36.30% |
| aloe-emodin | 34.30% | alizarin | 0.00% | |||||
| Phenols | gallogen | 62.50% | salidroside | 34.04% | paeonol | 0.00% | resveratrol | 0.00% |
| salicin | 0.00% | |||||||
| Organic acid | diffractic acid | 0.00% | syringic acid | 0.00% | shikimicacid | 0.00% | chlorogenic acid | 0.00% |
| Lignans | arctigenin | 27.10% | deoxyschizandrin | 23.86% | magnolol | 0.00% | ||
| Nucleoside | cordycepin | 7.77% | ||||||
| Glycoside | amygdalin | 1.87% | 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside | 0.00% | ||||
| Stilbenes | polydatin | 0.00% | ||||||
| Steroid sapogenin | sarsasapogenin | 0.00% | diosgenin | 0.00% | ||||
| Positive control | MG132 | 79.66% |
IA: inhibitory activity; #natural products with inhibitory activity of Mtb proteasome more than 65%. Different categories of natural products were highlighted using bold texts in the table. The concentration of natural products was 200 μM with the exception of MG132 (100 μM). Data are shown as mean of three independent experiments.