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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 15.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014 Jan 31;72:82–93. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.01.009

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Delivery of plasmid to inflamed small bowel in mouse model of Crohn's disease. A) contrast ultrasound images showing behavior of plasmid-bearing microbubbles targeted with a control antibody (top), or with antibodies to VCAM-1 (mid) or MAdCAM-1 (bottom). B) Time-intensity curves corresponding to images in panel A. Sustained retention of MAdCAM-1 or VCAM-1 targeted agents is appreciated, while the control agents wash out of the bowel within 5 minutes. 24 hours after treatment, in vivo biolumenescence imaging shows C) minimal luciferase is detectible in mice treated with control targeted microbubbles, but (D) significant expression in mice receiving MAdCAM-1 targeted agent. E) Ex vivo biolumenescence imaging shows luciferase expression confined to small bowel, with undetectible off-target signal on heart, liver, kidney, and spleen. Reprinted with permission from [47] with permission, Copyright, 2013, Elsevier B.V.