Table 2.
Means (SD) and group comparisons in the emotion recongnition and empathy task with low and high level of contextual dependence.
| Adolescent offenders | Non-offenders | p* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emotion recognition | Low context-sensitive | Emotional Morphing Task (EMT) | Happiness Surprise Sadness Fear Anger |
0.87 (0.23) 0.67 (0.27) 0.64 (0.25) 0.53 (0.25) 0.65 (0.24) |
0.97 (0.05) 0.86 (0.15) 0.71 (0.22) 0.64 (0.21) 0.71 (0.17) |
0.972 0.321 0.999 0.964 0.992 |
|
| High context-sensitive | The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT) | Disgust Fear Surprised Sadness Anger Disgust |
0.46 (0.31) 3.2 (0.88) 3.13 (1.19) 2.8 (0.8) 3.4 (0.85) 2.76 (0.89) |
0.69 (0.18) 3.5 (0.63) 3.62 (0.61) 3.56 (0.63) 3.81 (0.4) 3.5 (0.63) |
0.075 0.979 0.677 0.098 0.856 0.131 |
||
| Dual Valence Association Task (DVAT) | Congruent blocks Incongruent blocks DVAT global score |
24.83 (0.63) 14.2 (0.73) 1.24 (3.37) |
25.12 (0.86) 17.68 (1.01) 5.46 (7.23) |
0.112 0.001 0.418 |
|||
| Empathy | Low context-sensitive | Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) | Perspective taking Empathic concern Fantasy Personal distress Total score ERI |
21.43 (3.47) 26.73 (3.88) 18.13 (84,21) 14.03 (4.31) 80.33 (9.12) |
19.93 (3.47) 26.62 (4.46) 16.43 (2.78) 12.00 (3.26) 75.00 (7.26) |
0.171 0.931 0.155 0.107 0.057 |
|
| High context- sensitive |
Empathy for Pain Task (EPT) |
Cognitive components |
Intentionality Intentional Accidental Neutral |
87.27 (11.09) 72.72 (15.47) 66.66 (38.15) |
94.88 (7.39) 85.79 (9.44) 85.41 (70.45) |
0.865 0.012 0.000 |
|
|
Intention to hurt Intentional Accidental Neutral |
6.02 (2.02) -2.74 (2.75) -6.40 (2.13) |
5.46 (2.35) -1.76 (3.45) -5.08 (4.28) |
0.985 0.858 0.640 |
||||
| Affective components |
Empathic concern Intentional Accidental Neutral |
5.18 (2.70) 1.59 (3.89) -4.27 (3.06) |
4.20 (2.83) 0.41 (3.34) -0.53 (3.39) |
0.924 0.345 0.999 |
|||
|
Discomfort Intentional Accidental Neutral |
5.14 (2.95) 1.03 (3.92) -5.01 (2.79) |
4.99 (2.71) 0.41 (3.16) -5.22 (4.18) |
0.999 0.990 0.999 |
||||
| Moral components |
Correctness Intentional Accidental Neutral |
4.70 (3.17) -1.22 (3.41) -4.22 (3.21) |
6.02 (1.96) -0.82 (3.49) -4.80 (4.04) |
0.735 0.993 0.992 |
|||
|
Punishment Intentional Accidental Neutral |
4.35 (2.87) -2.99 (3.03) -6.08 (2.03) |
5.38 (2.44) -1.41 (3.66) -5.21 (4.23) |
0.878 0.538 0.937 |
||||
* Tukey post-hoc analyses between groups for each category.