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Typical curves of the ground reaction forces. Measurements are from a 27-kg golden retriever dog crossing the force plate at a trotting gait velocity (2.0 m/s). Ground reaction forces are considered positive when directed upward, cranially, and medially. The stance phase is expressed for the forelimb and hind limb to ease their distinction. Peaks denote the points of maximal values of the fore and hind limb GRFvertical.
