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Ground reaction vector. The concept of sagittal GRF ground reaction vector (GRV) is illustrated using a right angled triangle according to the Pythagorean theorem. In the sagittal plane, vertical ground reaction force (GRFvertical), and GRFcraniocaudal (caudal component) are orthogonal, giving the magnitude of the GRV as the square root of GRFvertical2 + GRFcraniocaudal2. The angle θ refers to the direction of the GRV obtained by the tangential−1 of GRFvertical/GRFcraniocaudal.
