. 2014 Oct 21;9(10):e110361. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110361

Table 3. Logistic regression of the likelihood of buying drugs from a PPMV (versus a pharmacy).

		Pharmacy		PPMV			Bivariate			Multivariate
		n = 245	%	n = 212	%	P-value	OR¹	95% CI	P-val	OR¹	95% CI	P-val
Age of respondents	18–29 (reference)	52	21.2	74	34.9	0.005	1.000			1.000
	30–39	78	31.8	49	23.1		0.441^***	0.275–0.709	0.001	0.416^***	0.230–0.752	0.004
	40–49	56	22.9	44	20.8		0.552	0.268–1.139	0.108	0.564	0.255–1.249	0.158
	50+	59	24.1	45	21.2		0.524^**	0.292–0.939	0.030	0.461^**	0.229–0.929	0.030
Sex	Male	125	51.0	106	50.0	0.893	0.969	0.615–1.528	0.893
	Female (reference)	120	49.0	106	50.0		1.000
Education	No education (reference)	10	4.1	28	13.2	0.012	1.000			1.000
	Primary education	24	9.8	42	19.8		0.610	0.247–1.504	0.283	0.984	0.319–3.033	0.977
	Secondary education	102	41.6	79	37.3		0.277^**	0.102–0.749	0.012	0.470	0.157–1.407	0.177
	Higher education	109	44.5	63	29.7		0.206^***	0.064–0.667	0.008	0.607	0.136–2.712	0.514
Marital status	Not married (reference)	66	26.9	80	37.7	0.089	1.000
	Married	179	73.1	132	62.3		0.616^*	0.352–1.077	0.089
Employment status	Employed full time (reference)	83	33.9	47	22.3	0.012	1.000			1.000
	Employed part time	8	3.3	5	2.4		1.104	0.240–5.078	0.899	0.463	0.085–2.520	0.373
	Self-employed	111	45.3	134	63.0		2.116^***	1.205–3.717	0.009	1.337	0.627–2.849	0.452
	Unemployed	43	17.6	26	12.3		1.068	0.581–1.962	0.833	0.761	0.299–1.940	0.567
Wealth quintile	Poorest (reference)	21	8.6	68	32.1	0.000	1.000			1.000
	Second	38	15.5	54	25.5		0.439^***	0.235–0.819	0.010	0.430^**	0.205–0.900	0.025
	Third	53	21.6	40	18.9		0.233^***	0.126–0.431	0.000	0.205^***	0.087–0.487	0.000
	Fourth	59	24.1	32	15.1		0.162^***	0.072–0.368	0.000	0.152^***	0.056–0.413	0.000
	Richest	74	30.2	18	8.5		0.0751^***	0.023–0.249	0.000	0.075^***	0.018–0.318	0.000
Symptoms reported
Fever, headache, dizziness	Yes	168	68.6	172	81.1	0.001	2.021^***	1.317–3.101	0.001	2.589^***	1.501–4.465	0.000
	No (reference)	77	31.4	40	18.9		1.000			1.000
Body aches, chills, convulsions	Yes	130	53.1	133	62.7	0.096	1.508^*	0.929–2.448	0.096
	No (reference)	115	46.9	79	37.3		1.000
Weak, fatigue, no appetite	Yes	120	49.0	134	63.2	0.011	1.813^**	1.144–2.872	0.011	1.951^**	1.043–3.649	0.036
	No (reference)	125	51.0	78	36.8		1.000			1.000
Bitter taste in the mouth	Yes	29	11.8	33	15.6	0.241	1.381	0.806–2.367	0.240
	No (reference)	216	88.2	179	84.4		1.000
Congestion, shallow breathing	Yes	38	15.5	20	9.4	0.016	0.570^**	0.361–0.902	0.016	0.619^*	0.372–1.030	0.065
	No (reference)	207	84.5	192	90.6		1.000			1.000
Vomiting, diarrhea	Yes	30	12.2	24	11.3	0.752	0.920	0.548–1.545	0.752
	No (reference)	215	87.8	188	88.7		1.000
Other: blisters, dark urine, yellow eyes	Yes	15	6.1	48	22.6	0.000	4.515^***	2.345–8.696	0.000	3.138^***	1.381–7.128	0.0063
	No (reference)	230	93.9	164	77.4		1.000			1.000
Number of days waited before seeking care²	<1 day (reference)	56	25.9	65	31.7	0.016	1.000			1.000
	1 day	30	13.9	49	23.9		1.378	0.854–2.225	0.189	2.070^***	1.256–3.411	0.004
	2 days	37	17.1	40	19.5		0.931	0.510–1.700	0.817	1.624	0.890–2.962	0.114
	3–5 days	66	30.6	37	18.0		0.483^*	0.220–1.058	0.069	0.659	0.289–1.504	0.322
	6 days or more	27	12.5	14	6.8		0.447^*	0.181–1.100	0.080	0.431	0.137–1.355	0.150
Source of diagnosis	Myself/family/friend (reference)	213	86.9	205	96.7	0.011	1.000			1.000
	Hospital/clinic/lab	19	7.8	1	0.5		0.055^***	0.008–0.393	0.004	0.022^**	0.001–0.412	0.011
	Pharmacy/PPMV	13	5.3	6	2.8		0.482	0.149–1.557	0.222	0.424	0.137–1.311	0.136
Observations							457			420

Odds ratios reported.

Pharmacy (n = 212), PPMV (n = 205), Total (n = 417).

Standard errors are clustered at the shop level;

***p<0.01,

**p<0.05,

*p<0.1.