Table 4. Logistic regression of the likelihood of buying an ACT (versus other anti-malarial drugs).

		ACT		Other anti-malarial			Bivariate			Multivariate
		n = 233	%	n = 184	%	P-value	OR1	95% CI	P-val	OR1	95% CI	P-val
Type of shop1	PPMV	136	58.4	136	29.3	0.002	0.296***	0.135–0.650	0.002	0.371**	0.168–0.821	0.015
	Pharmacy	97	41.6	97	70.7		1.000			1.000
Age of respondents	18–29 (reference)	70	30.0	70	22.3	0.541	1.000
	30–39	64	27.5	64	29.3		1.441	0.800–2.595	0.224
	40–49	52	22.3	52	23.9		1.445	0.775–2.694	0.247
	50+	47	20.2	47	24.5		1.635	0.767–3.485	0.203
Sex	Male	125	53.6	125	48.4	0.398	0.809	0.496–1.322	0.398
	Female (reference)	108	46.4	108	51.6		1.000
Education	No education (reference)	18	7.7	18	6.5	0.182	1.000
	Primary education	36	15.5	36	9.8		0.750	0.300–1.873	0.538
	Secondary education	96	41.2	96	39.1		1.125	0.513–2.466	0.769
	Higher education	83	35.6	83	44.6		1.482	0.647–3.395	0.352
Marital status	Not married (reference)	76	32.6	76	29.9	0.654	1.000
	Married	157	67.4	157	70.1		1.135	0.652–1.978	0.654
Employment status	Employed full time (reference)	59	25.3	59	34.2	0.105	1.000
	Employed part time	6	2.6	6	2.7		0.780	0.174–3.499	0.746
	Self-employed	136	58.4	136	46.2		0.585**	0.368–0.930	0.023
	Unemployed	32	13.7	32	16.8		0.907	0.541–1.522	0.712
Wealth quintile	Poorest (reference)	50	21.5	50	14.7	0.008	1.000			1.000
	Second	59	25.3	59	14.1		0.816	0.454–1.466	0.497	0.652	0.357–1.192	0.165
	Third	48	20.6	48	17.4		1.235	0.610–2.500	0.558	0.875	0.412–1.861	0.730
	Fourth	44	18.9	44	23.9		1.852	0.870–3.943	0.110	1.234	0.615–2.477	0.554
	Richest	32	13.7	32	29.9		3.183***	1.499–6.758	0.003	1.931	0.880–4.236	0.101
Symptoms reported
Fever, headache, dizziness	Yes	171	73.4	171	73.4	0.996	0.999	0.635–1.571	0.996
	No (reference)	62	26.6	62	26.6		1.000
Body aches, chills, convulsions	Yes	136	58.4	136	57.1	0.818	0.948	0.601–1.494	0.818
	No (reference)	97	41.6	97	42.9		1.000
Weak, fatigue, no appetite	Yes	138	59.2	138	54.3	0.387	0.820	0.522–1.287	0.387
	No (reference)	95	40.8	95	45.7		1.000
Bitter taste in the mouth	Yes	31	13.3	31	14.7	0.654	1.121	0.681–1.844	0.654
	No (reference)	202	86.7	202	85.3		1.000
Congestion, shallow breathing	Yes	24	10.3	24	16.3	0.110	1.696	0.887–3.244	0.110
	No (reference)	209	89.7	209	83.7		1.000
Vomiting, diarrhea	Yes	26	11.2	26	10.9	0.916	0.971	0.561–1.679	0.916
	No (reference)	207	88.8	207	89.1		1.000
Other: blisters, dark urine, yellow eyes	Yes	33	14.2	33	11.4	0.448	0.781	0.412–1.480	0.448
	No (reference)	200	85.8	200	88.6		1.000
Number of days waited before seeking care1	<1 day (reference)	68	30.8	68	24.8	0.140	1.000
	1 day	46	20.8	46	15.5		0.924	0.455–1.875	0.827
	2 days	42	19.0	42	18.6		1.214	0.691–2.135	0.500
	3–5 days	45	20.4	45	29.2		1.776**	1.038–3.039	0.0362
	6 days or more	20	9.0	20	11.8		1.615	0.798–3.269	0.183
Source of diagnosis	Myself/family/friend (reference)	219	94.0	219	89.1	0.019	1.000			1.000
	Hospital/clinic/lab	4	1.7	4	7.1		4.340**	1.323–14.24	0.0155	3.124*	0.987–9.894	0.053
	Pharmacy/PPMV	10	4.3	10	3.8		0.935	0.345–2.530	0.894	0.758	0.301–1.909	0.557
Observations							417			417

¹Odds ratios reported.

²Pharmacy (n = 221), PPMV (n = 161), Total (n = 382).

Standard errors are clustered at the shop level;

***p<0.01,

**p<0.05,

*p<0.1.