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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Inflamm Res. 2014 Aug 6;63(10):859–871. doi: 10.1007/s00011-014-0760-2

Figure 4. DHA attenuates lysosome dysfunction in TNF-α-treated L929 cells.

Figure 4

A. Fluorescence microscopic analysis of Acridine Orange (AO)-stained lysosomes in control cells, or cells treated with TNF-α for 24 h in the presence or absence of DHA. B. Quantification of TNF-α induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), in the presence and absence of DHA, by AO flow cytometry assay. FL1 green fluorescence and FL3 red fluorescence were measured, and decrease in red fluorescence (R2 window, see panel C) was indicative of reduced lysosomal integrity. Results showed that DHA inhibited TNF-α induced AO fluorescence as indicated by reduction in R2 (*P < 0.05). C. Representative AO flow cytometry dot plot.