(a) Schematic of the design of the survival study and the studies for the collection of serum and colon samples. In general, mice were fed a 2% or 4% DSS solution in drinking water for 5 days, followed by normal drinking water until the end of the experiment. (b) Kaplan-Meier survival plot of C57BL/6J, caspase-11-/- (C11-/-) and caspase-1-/-/11-/- (C1-/-/11-/-) mice induced with 4% DSS (n=10/group). (c-d) The percentage of body weight (c) and the clinical score (d) of C57BL/6J, C11-/- and C1-/-/11-/- mice induced with 2% DSS. Data depict the mean ± SEM (n=10/group). Statistical significance between DSS-treated C57BL/6J and Casp11-/- mice is indicated. (e) Macroscopic pictures and (f) graphic presentation of the colon length of C57BL/6J, C11-/- and C1-/-/11-/- mice without (0% DSS) or 10 days after induction with 2% DSS. Data in panel f depict individual replicates with mean; C57BL/6J mice (0% DSS, n=8; 2%, n=7), Casp11-/- mice (0% DSS, n=6; 2%, n=11) and Casp1-/-/Casp11-/- mice (0% DSS, n=4; 2% DSS, n=6). Statistical significance between DSS-treated C57BL/6J, C11-/- and C1-/-/11-/- mice is indicated. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.