TABLE 1.

Endoscopy and pharmacotherapy in ulcer and nonvariceal nonulcer upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Endoscopic findings	Endoscopic hemostasis				Post-endoscopic IV PPI*
	Total, n	Any endoscopic hemostasis, n	Epinephrine injection monotherapy, %	Combination therapy, %	Total, n†	High-dose postendoscopic IV PPI‡, %	Duration of IV PPI§, %
							24 h	48 h	72 h
All ulcers¶	967	403	14.7	13.8	609	94.3	96.2	94.2	93.6
Ulcers (HRS and LRS)	707	348	17.0	17.3	453	94.3	96.3	94.2	93.7
HRS	462	323	23.8	25.5	296	96.0	97.7	96.2	95.8
LRS	245	25	4.1	1.6	157	91.1	93.3	90.0	89.2
Ulcers without documented stigmata	260	55	8.5	4.2	156	94.2	95.7	94.0	93.2
All NVNU lesions**	566	135	5.7	2.7	361	88.6
NVNU lesions (HRS and LRS)	167	76	10.8	6.6	111	95.5
HRS	157	76	11.5	7.0	103	95.2
LRS	10	0	0.0	0.0	8	100.0
NVNU without documented stigmata	399	59	3.5	1.0	250	85.6
Total (ulcer and NVNU)	1533	538	11.4	9.7	970	92.2
Total (HRS and LRS)	874	424	15.8	15.2	564	94.5
Total HRS	619	399	20.7	20.8	399	95.7
Total LRS	25	25	3.9	1.6	165	91.5
Total without documented stigmata	659	114	5.5	2.3	406	88.9

^*Postendoscopic intravenous (IV) proton pump inhibitor (PPI) includes IV PPI therapy started after endoscopic therapy or continued if previous started pre-endoscopy;

^†Total number of patients who received postendoscopic PPI excluding those with missing information;

^‡High-dose IV PPI defined as 80 mg IV bolus followed by 8 mg/h infusion started after endoscopic therapy or continued if started pre-endoscopy;

^§Data reported only for ulcer bleeding;

^¶Includes ulcers with high-risk stigmata (HRS), ulcers with low-risk stigmata (LRS) and ulcers without documentation of stigmata;

^**Includes nonvariceal nonulcer (NVNU) lesions with HRS, NVNU lesions with LRS and NVNU lesions without documentation of stigmata