Table 1.
The Effect of Family Planning on Fertility Rates, by Race
| Dependent Variable: Fertility Rate (Births per 1000 Women Ages 15–44) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. All Individuals | B. White | C. Nonwhite | ||||
| (1) | (2) | (1) | (2) | (1) | (2) | |
|
Mean in Funded Counties Before Funding Began |
90 | 90 | 83 | 83 | 122 | 122 |
| After Family Planning | −2.75 | −2.26 | −1.96 | −1.73 | −1.28 | −1.72 |
| Program Funding Began |
[0.43] | [0.40] | [0.47] | [0.45] | [1.63] | [1.63] |
| R2 | 0.56 | 0.57 | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.30 | 0.31 |
| Counties | 2,633 | 2,633 | 1,481 | 1,481 | 1,481 | 1,481 |
| Observations | 55,293 | 55,293 | 31,101 | 31,101 | 31,101 | 31,101 |
| County FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Birth year FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| State × birth year FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| County characteristics | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||
Notes: The unit of observation is county by year, and estimates of are presented using equation 1. The results use the funded and unfunded sample of counties. Estimates are not weighted. Columns labeled (1) include county, year, and state by year fixed effects, while columns labeled (2) add county covariates (1960 county covariates interacted with a linear trend, number of abortion providers, and REIS controls). Panel A presents results for both races, panel B presents results for whites only, and panel C presents results for nonwhites only. Heteroskedasticity-robust standard errors clustered by county are presented beneath each estimate in brackets. Source: Vital Statistics.