Table 3.
Adjusted prevalence rate ratios (PRR)a and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of undernutrition (Z-score for weight for age < -2 standard deviations) in children under three years of age, according to selected variables. Ceará, Northeastern Brazil, 1987 and 2007.
| Variable | 1987 | 2007 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRR | 95%CI | PRR | 95%CI | ||
| Family income (month) | |||||
| ≤ 1 minimum wage | 1.394 | 1.201 | 0.710;2.032 | ||
| > 1 minimum wage | 1 | 1.04;1.87 | 1 | ||
| Mother knows how to read | |||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | |||
| No | 1.98 | 1.47;2.65 | 2.109 | 0.658;6.672 | |
| Toilet availability | |||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | |||
| No | 1.77 | 1.04;3.03 | 0.812 | 0.463;1.426 | |
| Child age (in months) | |||||
| 0 to 6 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 7 to 12 | 3.50 | 1.82;6.75 | 1.35 | 0.51;3.61 | |
| 13 to 24 | 3.56 | 1.93;6.56 | 1.11 | 0.50;2.59 | |
| 25 to 36 | 4.32 | 2.35;7.94 | 2.69 | 1.23;5.90 | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 0.812 | 0.463;1.078 | 1.69 | 1.02;2.81 | |
| Female | 1 | 1 | |||
| Birth weight | |||||
| Very low (< 1,500 g) | 2.88 | 1.06;7.81 | 9.88 | 4.76;20.50 | |
| Low (< 2,500 g) | 2.21 | 1.57;3.12 | 3.14 | 1.58;6.27 | |
| Normal (> 2,500 g) | 1 | 1 | |||
a
Adjusting for the following variables: income, source of water used for drinking, sanitation, whether it was breastfed, mother’s education, if the parent resides in the same house as the child, if child has a health card, whether a physician had been consulted in last three months, if it was vaccinated for BCG, age, sex, birth weight, origin and hospitalizations for diarrhea and pneumonia.