Table 2.

Summary of pharmacological treatment of diabetic nephropathy

Drug (s)	Antiproteinuric	Preserve GFR	Diabetes type
ACE inhibitor	++	++	Type 1 and 2
ARB	++	++	Type 2
ACE inhibitor plus ARB	+++	−	Type 1 and 2
Aldosterone antagonist	+	?	Type 2
Aldosterone antagonist plus ACE inhibitor or ARB	+++	?	Type 1 and 2
Renin inhibitor	++	?	Type 2
Renin inhibitor plus ACE inhibitor or ARB	+++	−	Type 2
Non-dihydropyridine CCB	+	?	Type 2
Non-dihydropyridine CCB plus ACE inhibitor or ARB	++	?	Type 2
Dihydropyridine CCB	−	−	Type 2
Allopurinol	?	?	?
Statin	+	?	Type 2
Vitamin D	+	?	Type 2

Notes: + data exist to indicate benefit; − data exist to indicate lack of benefit or harm; ? insufficient data for conclusion, possible benefit. The number of + indicates a semiquantitative scale of beneficial effect.

Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker; GFR, glomerular filtration rate.