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. 2014 Oct 22;9(10):e110774. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110774

Table 2. Mean ± SD concentrations for total testosterone (TEStot), bioavailable testosterone (TESbio), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), adenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), cortisol (COR), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (Epi), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (T3free), and free thyroxine (T4free) following 60 min of low and moderate exercise in a thermoneutral (NT), cold (COLD) and cold environment with shivering (SHIV) at baseline (BL) and at end of exercise (EEx).

HORMONES LOW MOD
NT COLD SHIV NT COLD SHIV
TEStot (nmol·L−1) BL 16.17±3.99 16.85±3.76 15.63±4.44 14.67±4.02 14.71±4.01 16.28±3.69
EEx 19.77±7.53A,B 15.93±4.62 15.10±4.41 19.97±7.76A,B, * 15.73±5.91 16.10±6.45
TESbio(nmol·L−1) BL 0.71±0.17 0.74±0.15 0.68±0.18 0.65±0.23 0.66±0.17 0.72±0.14
EEx 0.76±0.23A 0.68±0.19 0.66±0.17 0.77±0.25A 0.67±0.20 0.65±0.31
SHBG (nmol·L−1) BL 39.84±12.66 36.61±11.49 40.24±7.54 38.46±12.98 41.53±9.36 41.89±11.93
EEx 42.94±13.56 39.15±10.89 46.37±8.32B, * 40.86±12.10 43.267±10.83 42.04±11.17‡
IGF-1 (nmol·L−1) BL 31.34±8.82 31.23±11.07 30.22±6.14 35.23±10.53 29.59±11.04 32.50±8.46
EEx 35.16±9.57 35.42±9.24 32.51±6.38 40.66±12.54B, * 35.51±10.81* 37.59±9.58*
ACTH (nmol·L−1) BL 16.80±6.99 21.61±8.29 22.39±18.19 22.30±13.31 17.07±9.25 17.78±8.88
EEx 22.2±7.63 20.12±12.46 17.04±9.74 45.50±19.05A,B, * 21.99±5.13 18.73±6.94
COR (nmol·L−1) BL 413±116 468±150 444±166 493±149 433±109 459±142
EEx 413±110 453±204 457±143 593±133A,B, * 444±104 464±162
NE (ng·ml−1) BL 0.37±0.13 0.66±0.54 0.54±0.23 0.45±0.15 0.40±0.26 0.66±0.89
EEx 1.18±0.48 1.07±0.66E, F 1.76±1.30† 2.46±1.30* 1.11±0.60 1.44±0.80†
Epi (ng·ml−1) BL 0.05±0.02 0.04±0.02 0.06±0.03 0.04±0.01 0.05±0.02 0.05±0.03
EEx 0.08±0.06 0.08±0.05 0.09±0.04† 0.11±0.05 0.09±0.07 0.09±0.06†
TSH (mU·L−1) BL 1.46±0.73 1.51±0.96 1.47±0.58 1.45±0.47 1.44±0.81 1.43±0.65
EEx 1.63±0.88 1.48±1.06 1.57±0.79 1.76±0.69 1.82±1.43 1.54±0.82†
T3 (nmol·L−1) BL 1.28±0.36 1.33±0.40 1.33±0.29 1.30±0.25 1.26±0.29 1.38±0.35
EEx 1.35±0.34 1.41±0.37 1.47±0.23 1.38±0.33 1.32±0.30 1.35±0.33‡
T3free(pg·ml−1) BL 2.18±0.63 2.32±0.65 2.40±0.68 2.09±0.52 2.02±0.46 2.32±0.71
EEx 2.30±0.65 2.55±0.43 2.69±0.47C, * 2.31±0.55 2.20±0.55 2.27±0.62‡
T4free (pmol·L−1) BL 15.87±2.83 14.47±2.12 14.35±1.93 15.29±2.17 14.31±1.97 15.19±2.51
EEx 15.90±3.07 15.02±2.37 15.00±1.94 15.71±2.41 15.07±1.45 16.08±2.03‡

*, Significant difference between pre and post (p<0.05).

†

, Significant difference between pre and post across environmental conditions.

‡

difference between pre and post across environmental and exercise conditions.

A,

Significantly different from SHIV (p<0.05).

B,

Significantly different from COLD (p<0.05).

C,

Significantly different from NT (p<0.05).

D,

Significantly different from COLD across exercise intensities (p<0.05).

E,

Significantly different from NT across exercise intensities (p<0.05).

F

, Significantly different from SHIV across exercise intensities (p<0.05).