Table I.
Description of participating practices and scores on determinants.
| Study population (2006–2009) | Dutch population (2008) [14–16] | |||
| Practice characteristics | Percentage or value | |||
| 1 | Practice type:1 | |||
| Single-handed practice | 20.2% | 42.3% | ||
| Non-single handed, not in health Care center | 57.6% | |||
| Practice with 2 GPs | 23.6% | 31.5% | ||
| Group practice (> 2 GPs) | 13.8% | 26.1% | ||
| Other practice type | 20.2% | |||
| Practice within primary healthcare center | 22.2% | |||
| 2 | Practice size: number of patients | 4961 | 3888 | |
| 3 | Number of FTE2 GP per 1000 patients | 0.43 | 0.43 | |
| 4 | Practice location:3 | |||
| Rural | 12.6% | 12.2% | ||
| Semi-urban | 38.2% | 41.1% | ||
| Urban | 49.2% | 46.7% | ||
| 5 | At least one of the GPs in the practice provides vocational training | 48% | 30% | |
| Total % GPs that provide vocational training | 31% | 19% | ||
| 6 | Number of diabetic patients per 1000 patients | 43 | 43 | |
| 7 | Year of participation: | |||
| 2005/2006 | 22.9% | |||
| 2007 | 42.2% | |||
| 2008/2009 | 34.8% | |||
| Scores on determinants | Study population | |||
| Percentage or mean (SD) | ||||
| 8 | Volume of NP (FTE per 1000 patients)4 | 0.14 (0.06) | ||
| 9 | Availability of annual report | 48% | ||
| 10 | Percentage of patients familiar with complaints procedure | 51.1 (12.5) | ||
| 11 | Sum score EPR (score between 0 and 7) | 5.38 (1.03) | ||
| 12 | Availability of diabetic clinic | 88% | ||
| 13 | Sum score consultation partners (score between 0 and 5) | 3.77 (1.18) | ||
| 14 | Sum score collaboration partners (score between 0 and 2) | 0.46 (0.69) | ||
| 15 | GP education (hours per year) | 51 (12.9) | ||
| 16 | Nurse education (hours per year) | 17 (17.2) | ||
| 17 | Availability of guidelines (score between 0 and 1) | 0.95 (0.17) | ||
| 18 | Sum score patient leaflets (score between 0 and 2) | 1.68 (0.56) | ||
| 19 | Availability of patient reminder system | 78% | ||
| Patient characteristics | Study population | GIANTT 2007 [17] | ||
| Mean (SD) or percentage | ||||
| 20 | Patient age | 65.9 (12.1) | 66.6 (12.3) | |
| 21 | Patient gender, male | 51% | 48% | |
| 22 | HbA1c value, % mmol/mol | 6.8 (1.0) 51 (10.9) |
6.9 (1.0) 52 (10.9) |
|
| 23 | Total cholesterol value, mmol/l | 4.7 (1.1) | 4.4 (1.1) | |
| 24 | Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 140 (18) | 142 (20) | |
| 25 | HbA1c within target value (7.0) | 67.4% | 61% | |
| 26 | Total cholesterol within target value (5.0) | 63.2% | ||
| 27 | Systolic blood pressure within target value (150) | 70.9% | ||
| Within 140 | 46.9% | 44% | ||
| Within 160 | 84.0% | 87% | ||
| Aggregated average and percentile scores on practice level | 25th percentile | Average | 75 th percentile | |
| 28 | HbA1c %, mmol/mol | 7.0 (53) | 6.8 (51) | 6.5 (48) |
| 29 | Total cholesterol, mmol/l | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.5 |
| 30 | Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 144 | 140 | 136 |
Notes: 1Figures based on the Dutch population distinguish between solo, duo, and group practices. In our study there were also the options “part of health care center”, which can be either solo, duo, or group, and “other practice type”, which consists mostly of duo or group practices within a cooperation construction other than a health care center. 2FTE = Full-time equivalent. 3A rural location is defined as less than 500 addresses per km2, semi-urban as between 500 and 1500 addresses per km2, and urban as more than 1500 addresses per km2. 4NP = nurse practitioner, FTE = full-time equivalent.