Table 3.
Normative Data for 8 Cognitive Tests (Mean and −1.5 SD Scores) Derived from Linear Regression Model* by Age and Education Category in Blacks.
| Test | Age** | Education | Mean | −1.5 SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Word Recall Test (words) | 65-<70 | <High School | 5.937 | 3.750 |
| High School or Equivalent | 6.055 | 3.867 | ||
| >High School | 6.389 | 4.201 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 5.595 | 3.408 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 5.713 | 3.525 | ||
| >High School | 6.047 | 3.859 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 5.253 | 3.066 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 5.371 | 3.183 | ||
| >High School | 5.705 | 3.517 | ||
| Logical Memory Part I, Story A (story elements) | 65-<70 | <High School | 8.718 | 3.337 |
| High School or Equivalent | 9.374 | 3.993 | ||
| >High School | 11.203 | 5.822 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 8.246 | 2.866 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 8.902 | 3.522 | ||
| >High School | 10.731 | 5.351 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 7.774 | 2.394 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 8.430 | 3.050 | ||
| >High School | 10.259 | 4.879 | ||
| Logical Memory Part II, Story A (story elements) | 65-<70 | <High School | 5.733 | 0.000† |
| High School or Equivalent | 6.080 | 0.293 | ||
| >High School | 7.855 | 2.067 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 5.035 | 0.000† | |
| High School or Equivalent | 5.382 | 0.000† | ||
| >High School | 7.157 | 1.369 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 4.337 | 0.000† | |
| High School or Equivalent | 4.684 | 0.000† | ||
| >High School | 6.459 | 0.671 | ||
| Logical Memory Part I, Sum of
Stories A and B (story elements) |
65-<70 | <High School | 17.878 | 8.442 |
| High School or Equivalent | 18.777 | 9.341 | ||
| >High School | 21.979 | 12.542 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 16.787 | 7.351 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 17.687 | 8.250 | ||
| >High School | 20.888 | 11.452 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 15.697 | 6.261 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 16.596 | 7.160 | ||
| >High School | 19.798 | 10.361 | ||
| Logical Memory Part II, Sum of
Stories A and B (story elements) |
65-<70 | <High School | 11.521 | 1.094 |
| High School or Equivalent | 12.192 | 1.765 | ||
| >High School | 15.657 | 5.230 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 10.172 | 0.000† | |
| High School or Equivalent | 10.842 | 0.415 | ||
| >High School | 14.307 | 3.880 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 8.822 | 0.000† | |
| High School or Equivalent | 9.492 | 0.000† | ||
| >High School | 12.957 | 2.530 | ||
| Word Fluency Test (words) | 65-<70 | <High School | 22.321 | 6.481 |
| High School or Equivalent | 28.075 | 12.235 | ||
| >High School | 37.778 | 21.938 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 21.166 | 5.326 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 26.920 | 11.080 | ||
| >High School | 36.623 | 20.783 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 20.011 | 4.171 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 25.765 | 9.925 | ||
| >High School | 35.468 | 19.628 | ||
| Animal Naming (animals) | 65-<70 | <High School | 14.288 | 8.018 |
| High School or Equivalent | 14.521 | 8.251 | ||
| >High School | 17.336 | 11.066 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 13.491 | 7.221 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 13.725 | 7.455 | ||
| >High School | 16.539 | 10.269 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 12.694 | 6.424 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 12.928 | 6.658 | ||
| >High School | 15.742 | 9.472 | ||
| Trail Making Test – Part A (seconds) ∥ | 65-<70 | <High School | 72.065 | 120.245 |
| High School or Equivalent | 55.992 | 93.426 | ||
| >High School | 45.809 | 76.436 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 79.315 | 132.343 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 61.625 | 102.826 | ||
| >High School | 50.418 | 84.126 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 87.295 | 145.657 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 67.825 | 113.170 | ||
| >High School | 55.491 | 92.590 | ||
| Trail Making Test – Part B (seconds) ∥‡ | 65-<70 | <High School | 184.364 | 240.000§ |
| High School or Equivalent | 153.721 | 240.000§ | ||
| >High School | 120.410 | 208.846 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 204.930 | 240.000§ | |
| High School or Equivalent | 170.868 | 240.000§ | ||
| >High School | 133.841 | 232.141 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 227.789 | 240.000 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 189.927 | 240.000§ | ||
| >High School | 148.770 | 240.000§ | ||
| Digit Symbol Substitution Test (points) | 65-<70 | <High School | 26.303 | 11.885 |
| High School or Equivalent | 32.950 | 18.531 | ||
| >High School | 39.866 | 25.448 | ||
| 70-<75 | <High School | 23.657 | 9.239 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 30.304 | 15.885 | ||
| >High School | 37.220 | 22.802 | ||
| 75-<80 | <High School | 21.011 | 6.593 | |
| High School or Equivalent | 27.658 | 13.239 | ||
| >High School | 34.574 | 20.156 | ||
*
Model includes terms for age, race, education, and race X education interaction.
**
Scores derived using the midpoint of each age category.
†
Minimum possible score is 0 story elements recalled.
∥
Higher score represents worse performance.
‡
Subsample of participants who completed Trail Making Test Part B (n=262 blacks).
§
Maximum possible score is 240 seconds.
Note: Education is defined as: 1.) <High school, 2.) High school or equivalent - high school, GED, or vocational school, and 3.) >High school - college, graduate, or professional school.