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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 23.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Methods. 2007 Aug;4(8):619–628. doi: 10.1038/nmeth1072

Figure 4. Examples of biological applications of caged compounds.

Figure 4

(a) The rate of force development generated by a single dynein molecule can be measured using an optical trap after photolysis of NPE-ATP96. Uncaging of ATP develops 6 pN of force from one dynein arm moving rapidly. (b) Strategy for mapping of APMA-receptor density by two-photon uncaging of glutamate. (c) Scheme for uncaging of mRNA in zebrafish. mRNA encoding the protein of interest is caged, injected into zebrafish at the single-cell stage and uncaged in a discrete volume of the zebrafish at a selected time during development. (d) Quantitative, rapid uncaging of Ca2+ in the calyx of Held allows correlation of presynaptic [Ca2+] with evoked postsynaptic currents82.