Table 1.
Scales/questionnaire | Typea | Criteriab | Qualification | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | |||
Blepharospasm | |||||
•Blepharospasm Disability Index (BSDI) | Specific | Yes | Yes | Yes | Recommended |
•Jankovic rating scale | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
•Blepharospasm Disability Scale | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
| |||||
Cervical dystonia | |||||
•Cervical Dystonia Impact Scale (CDIP-58) | Specific | Yes | Yes | Yes | Recommended |
•Functional Disability Questionnaire | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
•Toronto Western Spasmodic torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) | Specific | Yes | Yes | Yes | Recommended |
•Tsui scale | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
•Modified Tsui scale | Specific | Yes | No | No | Listed |
•Freiberg Questionnaire for Dystonia torticollis version | Specific | Yes | No | No | Listed |
•Disability questionnaire for patients with cervical dystonia | Specific | Yes | No | No | Listed |
•Body Concept Scale | Specific | Yes | No | Yes | Suggested |
•Ways of Coping Checklist | Generic | Yes | No | No | Listed |
| |||||
Blepharospasm/cervical dystonia | |||||
•Craniocervical Dystonia Questionnaire (CDQ-24) | Specific | Yes | Yes | Yes | Recommended |
| |||||
Oromandibular dystonia | |||||
•Oromandibular dystonia questionnaire | Specific | Yes | No | Yes | Suggested |
| |||||
Laryngeal dystonia | |||||
•Unified Spasmodic Dysphonia Rating Scale | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
•Voice Handicap Index (VHI) | Generic | Yes | Yes | Yes | Recommended |
•Voice Handicap Index 10 | Generic | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
•Pediatric Voice Handicap Index | Generic | Uncertain | Yes | No | Listed |
•Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life | Generic | Uncertain | Yes | No | Listed |
•Voice-Related Quality of Life | Generic | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
•Vocal Performance Questionnaire (VPQ) | Generic | Yes | Yes | Yes | Recommended |
| |||||
Arm dystonia | |||||
•Arm Dystonia Disability Scale | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
| |||||
Task-specific dystonia | |||||
•Dystonia Evaluation Scale | Specific | Yes | No | No | Listed |
•Tubiana-Chamagne Score | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
•Writer’s Cramp Rating Scale | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
| |||||
Generalized dystonia | |||||
•Global Dystonia rating Scale | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
•Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (FMDRS) | Specific | Yes | Yes | Yes | Recommended |
•Unified Dystonia Rating Scale | Specific | Yes | Yes | No | Suggested |
Notes:
“Specific” indicates a measure developed specifically for dystonia, “generic” indicates a measure applicable across different diseases, including dystonia;
Criteria are as follows: 1 used in dystonia patients, 2 used by researchers beyond original developers, 3 successful clinimetric testing.