Figure 1. IL-1β is upregulated and expressed by CD11c+CD11b+ cells after immunization.

(A–B) Mice were immunized with OVA/CFA in footpads and draining popliteal lymph nodes were examined at day 1. (A) Quantitative PCR analysis of IL-1β at day 1 in whole lymph nodes in wild-type (WT) and RAG1−/− mice. Bars represent 4 lymph nodes per group for wild-type mice and 3 lymph nodes per group for RAG1−/− mice over 2 experiments each. (B) Relative IL-1β protein in supernatant after incubation of lymph nodes. Bars represent 3 samples each over 3 experiments. (C) Flow cytometric analysis showing upregulation of IL-1β in multiple populations of CD11c+ cells at day 1 and day 2 after immunization. (D and E) Further flow cytometric analysis of indicated IL-1β+ populations at day 1 after immunization: (D) MHCII^hi cells (E) MHCII^low-med cells. (F) Cytospin preparation of indicated cell population sorted from day 1 lymph nodes. Images representative of 3 independent experiments. (G) IL-1β protein in supernatant of (CD11c ^med MHCII ^low-med CD11b+ GR-1^hi ) neutrophils, (CD11c ^med MHCII ^low-med CD11b+ GR-1^med ) monocytes, and CD11c+ MHCII ^hi dendritic cells sorted from day 1 lymph nodes. Results are expressed as pg of IL-1β /cell; symbols represent samples from each of 3 experiments. (H) Relative distribution of IL-1β+ cells at 1 day or 2 days after immunization. For (A–B, G–H), error bars represent standard deviation, *=p<.05 and **=p<.01 by t-test..