Patch clamp studies of apamin-sensitive K+ currents (IKAS) in chronic MI. A, Representative K+ current traces obtained from normal, MI peri-infarct zone (MI-PZ) and MI remote zone (MI-RZ) ventricular myocytes. Voltage-pulse protocol is shown in the inset. “Baseline” shows current traces in the absence of apamin (Ibaseline); Apamin indicates the use of 100 nmol/L apamin in bath solution (Iapamin); “Difference” shows IKAS calculated as Ibaseline - Iapamin. B, I–V curve of IKAS from MI-PZ (red), MI-RZ (blue) and normal (black) ventricular cells. C, IKAS density at 0 mV recorded from epicardial cells of normal, RZ-MI and PZ-MI. There was higher IKAS density in MI-PZ than that of MI-RZ and normal cells. D, IKAS and Cai concentration. Asterisk indicates that the IKAS is significantly (p=0.02) higher in the MI-PZ than MI-RZ and normal control at 1,000 nM Cai concentration.