|
[16]
|
Sudan |
Intact promastigote (ELISA) |
Elevated IgG1 and IgG3 in VL, not IgG2 or IgG4 (n = 15). |
|
[17]
|
Sudan |
Crude promastigote sonicate (ELISA) |
Overall decrease in IgG1 and IgG3 (n = 28) 1 month post treatment of VL with sodium stibo-gluconate (Pentostam) |
|
[18]
|
India |
Crude promastigote sonicated lysate (ELISA); whole promastigote (immunoblotting) |
IgG1>G2>G3>G4 in VL (n = 10) and PKDL (n = 6). IgG3 recognition of antigens by immunoblot persisted 24 weeks after successful chemotherapy, whereas IgG1 decreased in VL 24 weeks post chemotherapy. |
|
[19]
|
Venezuela |
Promastigote soluble extract (ELISA) |
IgG1 predominant subclass; IgG4 also detectable (n = 10). |
|
[20]
|
Somalia |
Crude promastigote lysate (ELISA & western blot) |
Elevated IgG1, IgG3, IgG4 in VL (n = 22). |
|
[21]
|
India |
Crude promastigote lysate (ELISA) |
IgG1>IgG2>IgG3 = IgG4 before sodium antimony gluconate treatment in responders (n = 10) and non-responders (n = 10). 4–6 weeks post treatment, responders decreased all subclasses; non-responders no significant decrease. |
|
[22]
|
India |
Leishmanial membrane antigens (ELISA) |
IgG1 predominant subclass, and IgG3 is useful diagnostic marker, in VL (n = 25). |
|
[23]
|
India |
Leishmanial membrane antigens (ELISA) |
IgG1 increase in non-responders to sodium stibogluconate, reduced after subsequent cure by amphotericin B therapy (n = 5); all IgG subclasses decrease in sodium stibogluconate responders (n = 10) |
|
[24]
|
Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela |
Recombinant kinetoplastid membrane protein-1 (ELISA) |
IgG1>>IgG3>IgG2>IgG4 in pre-treatment in VL (n = 12) |
|
[25]
|
Ethiopia |
Sonicated promastigote antigen (ELISA) |
High IgG1 in VL (n = 10) compared to subclinical DAT positive (n = 18) and successfully treated (n = 20). IgG2 non-discriminating. |
|
[26]
|
India |
Leishmanial membrane antigens (western blot) |
IgG1 50 days after sodium antimony gluconate therapy VL patients (n = 7) gave similar but less intense western blotting banding patterns. |
|
[27]
|
India |
Leishmanial membrane antigens (ELISA) |
IgG1 elevated in PKDL (n = 23). IgG4 elevated in active VL (n = 10) but not in PKDL (n = 23). IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 overall higher in PKDL (n = 23) than in cured VL (n = 10) |
|
[28]
|
India |
Crude promastigote lysate (ELISA) |
IgG1 elevated in VL (n = 38) compared to PKDL (n = 27); IgG2, IgG4 higher in PKDL than VL. IgG3 and IgG4 higher in paediatric (n = 16) than adult VL (n = 22). All IgG subclass levels comparable in paediatric (n = 7) and adult PKDL (n = 20) |
|
[29]
|
India |
Crude promastigote lysate (ELISA) |
IgG1 and IgG3 decreased in VL 1 month post amphotericin B treatment (n = 6). Less IgG1 and IgG3 in macular (n = 5) than polymorphic PKDL (n = 11) |
|
[30]
|
Brazil |
Fixed L. infantum (syn. L. chagasi)promastigote (immunofluorescent flow cytometry) |
IgG1>IgG3 in untreated VL (n = 21); absence of IgG2 and IgG4. IgG1 100% sensitive and specific for discriminating pre- and 12 month post-amphotericin B treatment paired sera of patients considered cured. |
|
[31]
|
India |
Crude promastigote lysate (ELISA) |
IgG3>>IgG1>>IgG4>IgG2 in polymorphic PKDL (n = 3). IgG3>>IgG1>IgG2≥IgG4 in macular PKDL (n = 11) IgG1 and IgG3 decreased post treatment of polymorphic PKDL (n = 15) |
