Table 6.
Associations Between Baseline Tertiles of Serum Wet-Weight Organochlorine Pesticides and Insulin Resistance at 2 Follow-up Visits in the Russian Children's Study, 2003–2009
| IR Model, by Tertile of Serum OCP Levela | Serum Organochlorine Pesticides |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCB, ng/gb |
β-HCH, ng/gc |
p,p′-DDE, ng/gd |
||||||||||
| Odds Ratio | 95% CI | P Valuee | No. of Boys With IR | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | P Valuee | No. of Boys With IR | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | P Valuee | No. of Boys With IR | |
| Unadjusted for BMIfz scoreg | ||||||||||||
| First tertile | Referent | 7 | Referent | 17 | Referent | 13 | ||||||
| Second tertile | 1.63 | 0.61, 4.35 | 0.33 | 11 | 0.37 | 0.14, 0.94 | 0.04 | 7 | 0.81 | 0.32, 2.03 | 0.65 | 11 |
| Third tertile | 1.96 | 0.74, 5.21 | 0.18 | 13 | 0.35 | 0.13, 0.82 | 0.03 | 7 | 0.51 | 0.19, 1.35 | 0.18 | 7 |
| P for trend | 0.18 | 0.03 | 0.17 | |||||||||
| Adjusted for BMI z scoreh | ||||||||||||
| First tertile | Referent | 7 | Referent | 17 | Referent | 13 | ||||||
| Second tertile | 2.83 | 1.72, 0.98 | 0.06 | 11 | 0.59 | 0.24, 1.48 | 0.26 | 7 | 1.55 | 0.52, 4.63 | 0.43 | 11 |
| Third tertile | 4.37 | 1.44, 13.28 | 0.009 | 13 | 0.78 | 0.29, 2.11 | 0.63 | 7 | 1.18 | 0.41, 3.42 | 0.76 | 7 |
| P for trend | 0.007 | 0.54 | 0.69 | |||||||||
Abbreviations: β-HCH, β-hexachlorocyclohexane; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HCB, hexachlorobenzene; IR, insulin resistance; OCP, organochlorine pesticide; p,p′-DDE, p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene.
a IR was defined on the basis of homeostatic model assessment of IR greater than 2.5 for prepubertal children (Tanner stage 1) and greater than 4.0 for pubertal-aged children (Tanner stage >1).
b HCB tertiles: first, 169–602 pg/g; second, 603–987 pg/g; third, 988–15,482 pg/g.
c β-HCH tertiles: first, 209–636 pg/g; second, 637–1,091 pg/g; third, 1,092–13,733 pg/g.
d p,p′-DDE tertiles: first, 261–1,070 pg/g; second, 1,071–2,007 pg/g; third, 2,008–41,302 pg/g.
e P values (2-sided) were based on the Wald test.
f Weight (kg)/height (m)2.
g Generalized estimating equations for repeated measures regression model adjusted for baseline serum total lipids, age, and testicular volume >3 mL.
h Generalized estimating equations for repeated measures regression model adjusted for baseline serum total lipids, age, testicular volume >3 mL, and World Health Organization BMI z score (21).