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. 2014 Aug 6;11(97):20140247. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0247

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© 2014 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

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Figure 8. — Finite-element simulation approximates the experimentally observed dipole and out-of-plane SC displacement behaviour. (a) Schematic cartoon showing how SC might transmit force at an adhesion plaque of discrete size. Intracellular actin filaments contract with a force F, inducing dipole such as displacements (u) and rotational moments about the adhesion plaque. (b) Contour map of the FEM results along the symmetry plane showing the normal displacements induced in the deformed configuration of the PA gel (E = 0.24 kPa). The adhesion plaque is modelled as a rigid plate that is firmly bonded to the PA gel with a uniform shear traction of magnitude 180 Pa applied to the top surface of the FA plaque. (c) Experimentally measured out-of-plane SC displacement field. Scale bar represents 5 μm. (d) Plot of the mean normal and shear maximum displacement ratios from our experimental measurements and our finite-element analysis across elastic moduli. (Online version in colour.)

Inline graphic — Finite-element simulation approximates the experimentally observed dipole and out-of-plane SC displacement behaviour. (a) Schematic cartoon showing how SC might transmit force at an adhesion plaque of discrete size. Intracellular actin filaments contract with a force F, inducing dipole such as displacements (u) and rotational moments about the adhesion plaque. (b) Contour map of the FEM results along the symmetry plane showing the normal displacements induced in the deformed configuration of the PA gel (E = 0.24 kPa). The adhesion plaque is modelled as a rigid plate that is firmly bonded to the PA gel with a uniform shear traction of magnitude 180 Pa applied to the top surface of the FA plaque. (c) Experimentally measured out-of-plane SC displacement field. Scale bar represents 5 μm. (d) Plot of the mean normal and shear maximum displacement ratios from our experimental measurements and our finite-element analysis across elastic moduli. (Online version in colour.)